THE MLA Flashcards
There aint no otherway about it (33 cards)
A normal Healthy woman should ideally take what dose of folic acid for how long when conceiving?
400mcg ideally for 3 months before conception until 12 weeks gestation.
What 3 parameters define AKI?
- A rise in creatinine of 26umol/L over the last 48 hours.
Or - A rise in creatinine of 50% over the last 7 days.
Or - A decrease in Urine Output of less than 0.5ml/kg/hr over 6 hours.
What are the Addisons Sick day rules?
Double Hydrocortisone dose and keep Fludrocortisone the same.
What is the first line management of Syphilis?
IM Benzathine Penicillin
What is Finkelsteins test and which condition is it commonly present in?
Pain over the Radial Styloid on forced Abduction / Flexion of the thumb.
(De Quaivens Tenosynovitis)
What does TAILS stand for in Haemotology?
- Thalassaemia
- Anemia of chronic disease
- Iron deficiency
- Lead Poisoning
- Sideroblastic Anemia
Causes of Microcytic anaemia (MCV <80 fL)
What are the classifications of COPD severity according to FEV1?
- Mild FEV1 >80% of predicted.
- Moderate 50-79%
- Severe 30-49%
- Very Severe <30%
What is the management of a Life Threatening Asthma Exacerbation?
Start on O2
Give Salbutamol nebs, Ipratropium Bromide and Oral Prednisolone.
If sats continue to decline…
Consider admission to ICU for potential Intubation and Ventilation.
What defines Impaired Glucose Tolerance?
2 hour OGTT level of >7.8mmol/L and <11.1mmol/L
What is the most common cause of Primary Hyperaldosteroneism?
Bilateral Idiopathic Adrenal hyperplasia.
Used to be Adrenal Adenoma (Conn’s Syndrome)
What causes Roseola Infantum
Human Herpes virus 6 (HHV-6)
Would Oligohydramnios or Polyhydramnios cause a greater risk of developing DDH?
Oligohydromnios as the reduced fluid restricts movement of the hip and reduces normal development of the hip joint.
Patients with LSD toxicity typically present following acute panic reactions (known as bad trips), massive ingestions or unintentional ingestions.
What are some of the symptoms and signs?
Psychoactive symptoms,
- Variable subjective experiences
- Agitation, appearing withdrawn
- Drug-induced psychosis.
Somatic Symptoms
- Nausea, Headache, palpitations.
- Dry mouth, Drowsiness, Tremors.
Signs,
- Tachycardic, Hypertensive
- Mydriasis
- Paresthesia, Hyperreflexia
- Pyrexia
Which Pregnant women are offered screening for Hepatitis B?
All pregnant women are.
For babies born to mothers who are chronically infected with Hepatitis B OR babies born to mothers who’ve had acute hepatitis B during pregnancy, how should they be treated?
Should receive a complete course of vaccination + Hepatitis B immunoglobulin.
Vaccination occurs within 12 hrs of birth then further vaccines given at 1-2 and 6 months.
What does the T score in a DEXA scan indicate?
The number of standard deviations your score is above or below the average bone density for a young, healthy adult.
Refractory Anaphylaxis is defined as respiratory and/or cardiovascular problems persisting despite … doses of IM adrenaline?
2
Which sign may be seen on CT in a patient with pancreatic cancer?
The Double Duct sign.
A dilated common bile duct and dilated pancreatic duct.
What diagnosis should be considered in a patient who is >50 and has painless jaundice and a new onset diagnosis of diabetes. + a raised serum lipase?
Pancreatic cancer.
In Gestational Diabetes when is Insulin commenced?
If at diagnosis the patient has a fasting blood glucose of >7mmol/l.
If as diagnosis there is a fasting blood glucose of between 6 and 6.9mmol/l but there is also evidence of complications (macrosomia, Hydramnios)
if glucose targets are still not met after 1-2 weeks of diet/exercise and metformin.
(Don’t wait to increase the metformin dosage)
What does Scarlet fever classically present with?
Sore throat, fever, headache, bright red tongue and coarse red rash affecting the neck and chest.
Is the combined oral contraceptive pill Contraindicated in breastfeeding?
YES absolute contraindication is breastfeeding <6 weeks post-partum.
UKMEC 2 between 6 weeks and 6 months.
Need pregnancy test if starting it then and have had intercourse since birth.
Should not be started in first 21 days due to increased risk of VTE and would need additional contraception for the first 7 days after starting (condoms).
What is the Diagnostic Triad in Hyperemesis Gravidarum?
- 5% pre-pregnancy weight loss.
- dehydration
- Electrolyte imbalance.
What is the minimum length of time a patient must be seizure free before driving a car?
12 months of no seizure activity (includes seizures where consciousness is not lost)
