The Munich Putsch Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by ‘putsch’?

A

An attempt to violently overthrow the government

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2
Q

Why was 1923 a ‘year of crisis’ for the Weimar Republic

A

It began with the invasion of the Ruhr in January, which led passive resistance and, ultimately, hyperinflation. This was seized on by Adolf Hitler, who tried to overthrow the government

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3
Q

What is the Munich Putsch also sometimes known as?

A

The Beer Hall Putsch

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4
Q

When was the Munich Putsch

A

8-9 November 1923

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5
Q

What did Hitler do to start the putsch?

A

Hitler entered a local government meeting (in a Munich beer hall) with 600 storm trooper (SA)

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6
Q

Who were the SA

A

Hitler’s ‘storm troopers’ - essentially his own private army, made up mostly of brutish thugs

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7
Q

In what region is Munich?

A

Bavaria - a region in southern Germany

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8
Q

Who was speaking in the meeting when Hitler interrupted?

A

Gustav von Kahr, Prime Minister (essentially dictator) of Bavaria

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9
Q

Did Hitler know Kahr before the putsch?

A

Yes - they had planned the putsch together, although Kahr would later back out of the plan

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10
Q

What was Hitler’s plan with the putsch?

A

They would take over Munich - and then they would march on Berlin

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11
Q

Who was Hitler partly inspired by?

A

Benito Mussolini, the fascist leader of Italy, who had marched on Rome in 1922 and seized power.

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12
Q

Which key individual did Hitler have the support of in his putsch?

A

General Ludendorff - a popular war hero

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13
Q

Why did the putsch fail?

A

Kahr and Lossow, another politician, alerted the police and the army. When Hitler tried to march through Munich, he was greeted with armed troops.

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14
Q

What happened in the battle between the army and the Nazis?

A

16 Nazis were killed and Hitler fled

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15
Q

What happened to Hitler immediately after the Munich Putsch?

A

He was arrested two days later

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16
Q

What were the positive consequences of the putsch for Hitler?

A

) He used his trial to speak on his views and gained national publicity
2) He was imprisoned - but only served 9 months of his 5 year sentence
3) During his imprisonment, he wrote Mein Kampf, which helped him clarify his views

17
Q

What did Hitler realise about his methods?

A

They had to change. He decided to seek power democratically rather than through violent means.

18
Q

What sentence did Ludendorff get?

A

None - he was acquitted

19
Q

What did Hitler’s trial show about the judicial system?

A

That the judiciary (the judges) had right-wing sympathies