The Nervous System

Question 1

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 1

Brain, Spinal Cord

Question 2

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 2

cranial nerves, spinal nerves, ganglia, sensory receptors, enteric plexuses in small intestines

Question 3

The Nervous system is divided into:

Answer 3

the Central Nervous System and the Peripheral Nervous System

Question 4

The Peripheral Nervous System is divided into:

Answer 4

The Motor (Efferent) and Sensory (Afferent) divisions

Question 5

The Motor (Efferent) division is divided into:

Answer 5

Somatic (voluntary) and Autonomic (involuntary)

Question 6

the autonomic division is divided into:

Answer 6

the sypmathetic (fight or flight) and parasympathetic (rest & digest)

Question 7

Sensory (Afferent)

Answer 7

sensory information arrives at spinal cord

Question 8

Motor (Efferent)

Answer 8

information exists the spinal cord

Question 9

Somatic (voluntary)

Answer 9

the motor commands go to the skeletal muscles

Question 10

Sympathetic (fight or flight)

Answer 10

to do with anything that requires a lot of energy

Question 11

Parasympathetic (rest and digest)

Answer 11

to do with anything when you relaxing. keeps body’s energy as low as possible

Question 12

Functional Cells

Answer 12

Neurons

Question 13

Support Cells

Answer 13

Glial Cells (Neuroglia)

Question 14

Neurons Structure

Answer 14

Dendrites: information comes into neuron through dendrites
Head of neuron: called soma
Tail of neuron: called axon
Nucleus:
Junction between neuron head and tail: axon hillock
End of axon: called axon terminal
Myelin Sheath: electrically insulates the axon of the neuron and increases the speed of the impulse.
Node or Ranvier:
Oligodendrocyte:

Question 15

Neurons

Answer 15

• electrically excitable
• cannot multiply or divide
• 50% of nervous system cells

Question 16

Neuroglia

Answer 16

• not electircally excitable
  can multiply and divide
• 50% of nervous system cells

Question 17

Process of Myelination

Answer 17

Preserves the integrity and intensity of the signal down the axon [neuron tails] and increases the speed of transmission.
The myelin sheaths electrically insulate the axon of a neuron and increases the speed of the impulse.

Question 18

Cranial Nerves

Answer 18

• emanate from the brain

- 12 pairs

Question 19

Spinal Nerves

Answer 19

• motor and sensory functions
• 31 pairs
• dorsal roots: contain sensory neurons
• ventral roots: contain motor neurons

Question 20

Types of Neurons

Answer 20

Multipolar: most common
Bipolar neuron: in eyes
Pseudo-unipolar or unipolar (sensory neuron): sensory neurons carry info from skin to spinal cord

Question 21

Glial Structure:

Answer 21

Schwan Cell (PNS): provides covering on axon of neuron called myelin sheath
Oligodendrocytes (CNS):

Question 22

Process of Myelination

Answer 22

Preserves the integrity and intensity of the signal down the axon [neuron tails] and increases the speed of transmission.
The myelin sheaths electrically insulates the axon of the neuron and increases the speed of the impulse

Question 23

Types of Neurons

Answer 23

• Multipolar - most common located in brain & spinal cord
• Bipolar: located in eye, inner ear, olfactory area
• unipolar: sensory receptors for touch, pressure, pain, & temp