The Pectoral Girdle, Scapular Movements and Muscles

Question 1

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 1

Plane synvoial

Question 2

State the surface anatomical location of the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 2

2-3cm medially from the tip of the shoulder

Question 3

Facing forward, the medial aspect of the clavicle is

Answer 3

convex

Question 4

Facing forward the lateral aspect of the clavicle is

Answer 4

Concave

Question 5

Describe the sternal end of the clavicle

Answer 5

Contains a large facet for articulation at the sternoclavicular joint

Question 6

The inferior surface of the sternal edge of the clavicle is marked by

Answer 6

A rough oval depression for the costoclavicular ligament

Question 7

The Acromial End of the clavicle has a conoid tubercle, what is this for

Answer 7

Attachement point of the conoid ligament, the medial part of the coracoclavicular ligament

Question 8

The acromial end of the clavicle has a trapezoid line, what is this for

Answer 8

Attachment point of the trapezoid ligament, the lateral part of the coracoclavicular ligament

Question 9

Where is the most common place to break the clavicle and why is this

Answer 9

The margin between the medial 2/3rd and the lateral third due to the thin-ness of the bone

Question 10

The coracoid process of the scapula is the attachment of what muscles

Answer 10

pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis and biceps brachii originate here

Question 11

Glenoid fossa of the scapula

Answer 11

A shallow cavity, which articulates with the humerus to form the glenohumeral joint. The superior part of the lateral border is very important clinically, as it articulates with the humerus to make up the shoulder joint, or glenohumeral joint.

Question 12

Supraglenoid tubercle

Answer 12

A roughening immediately superior to the glenoid fossa, this is the place of attachment of the long head of the biceps brachii.

Question 13

Infraglenoud tubercle

Answer 13

A roughening immediately inferior to the glenoid fossa, this is the place of attachment of the long head of the triceps brachii

Question 14

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Answer 14

The area below the spine of the scapula, it displays a convex shape. The infraspinatus muscle originates from this area

Question 15

Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Answer 15

The area above the spine of the scapula, it is much smaller that the infraspinous fossa, and is more convex in shape. The supraspinatus muscle originates from this area.

Question 16

Which muscles result in elevation of the scapula

Answer 16

Levator scapulae and upper fibres of trapezius

Question 17

Which muscles depress the scapula

Answer 17

Pectoralis minor, lower fibres of trapezius, subclavius and latissimus dorsi

Question 18

Which muscles protract the scapula

Answer 18

Serratus anterior or pectoralis minor and major

Question 19

Which muscles retract the scapula

Answer 19

Trapezius (middle fibres) and rhomboids

Question 20

Which muscles laterally rotate the scapula

Answer 20

Trapezius and serratus anterior

Question 21

Which muscles medially rotate the scapula

Answer 21

Gravity, levator scapulae, the rhomboids and pectoralis minor

Question 22

Subscapular Fossa

Answer 22

On the anterior surface of the scapula. From here arises the subscapularis muscle

Question 23

Subscapularis muscle

Answer 23

Medially rotates the head of the humerus and adducts it.