Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ANAT 316 > The Pelvis and Perineum > Flashcards

The Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards

(228 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the true pelvis

A

the space below the iliac fossa and between the pelvic bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The upper margin of the true pelvis is limited by

A

the sacral promontory, the arcuate line, the pectineal line and the top of the symphysis pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the false pelvis

A

part of the abdomen and is the entire space bounded by the iliac fossae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The pelvic cavity is limited inferiorly by

A

the pelvic diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The pelvic diaphragm is made up of which muscles

A

levator ani and coccygeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the Perineum

A

the region beneath the pelvic diaphragm containing the external genitalia anteriorly, the anal canal posteriorly and the supporting muscular connective tissue, blood supply and innervation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The perineum contains:

A
  • the external genitalia anteriorly
  • the anal canal posteriorly
  • the supporting muscular connective tissue, blood supply and innervation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Sacral promontory

A
  • the most anterior part of the sacrum and is the body of the first sacral segment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Arcuate line

A
  • continuation of the sacral promontory around the inlet

- defines the lower border of the iliac fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ileopectineal line runs medially to the:

A

pubic crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The sacroiliac joint has two components:

A

one synovial and one fibrous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
A

Sacrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
A

Ilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
A

Acetabulum (For hip joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A

Ischium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
A

Orturator foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
A

Symphisis pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
A

Pubis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A

Iliac crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
A

Articular surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
A

Anterior superior iliac spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
A

Arcuate line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
A

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
A

Pectineal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Superior pubic ramus
26
Pubic tubercle
27
Articular surface for symphysis for pubis
28
Inferior pubic ramus
29
Obturator foramen
30
Ischial ramus
31
Ischial tuberositv
32
Lesser sciatic notch
33
Ischial spine
34
Greater sciatic notch
35
Posterior inferior iliac spine
36
Posterior superior iliac spine
37
Ligamentous surface
38
Auricular surface
The synovial surface on the posterior ileum
39
Where is the iliac tuberosity
situated immediately superior to the auricular surface
40
Iliac tuberosity function
provides the appendicular attachement for the fibrous joint components
41
The sacroiliac joint is reinforced by which ligaments:
sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
42
The pelvic diaphragm consists of two muscles:
- anteriorly: levator ani | - posteriorly: coccygeus
43
The origin of levator ani
horizontal line running from pubis to ischial spine
44
The levator ani is pierced by the:
- anteriorly: urethra, and in the female, by the vagina | - posteriorly: anal canal
45
Puborectalis function
pulls the anorectal junction forward
46
The coccygeus run from the ____ to the _______
- Ischial spine | - Coccyx
47
Rectum
48
Levator ani
49
Coccygeus
50
Gastrointestinal contents of the pelvis
Rectum
51
Urinary contents of the pelvis
- Ureters | - Bladder
52
Male reproductive contents of the pelvis
- Vas deferens - Seminal vesicles - Prostate gland
53
Female reproductive contents of the pelvis
- Ovaries - Uterine Tubes - Uterus - Cervix - Vagina
54
Circulatory contents of the pelvis
- Common iliac artery - Internal iliac artery - External iliac artery
55
Nervous contents of the pelvis
- Sacral plexus | - Autonomic innervation
55
Nervous contents of the pelvis
- Sacral plexus | - Autonomic innervation
56
Peritoneal contents of the pelvis
- Pouches
57
Is the rectum retroperitoneal or intraperitoneal
the initial part of the rectum has a mesentery, but it soon becomes retroperitoneal
58
Anal canal
where the rectum pierces the levator ani
59
Bladder
60
Vas deferens
61
Ampulla of vas
62
Prostatic urethra
63
Prostate
64
Penile urethra
65
Membranous urethra
66
Prostate
67
Ejaculatory duct
68
Seminal vesicles
69
What passes through the deep inguinal ring
the paired vas deferens
70
Where do the paired vas deferens meet
the prostate gland
71
Ampulla of vas
The vas deferens expand as they approach the midline, forming the ampulla of vas
72
Where are the seminal vesicles
joins the vas deferens at the termination of the ampulla
73
The ducts of the seminal vesicles and the vas form the:
ejaculatory ducts
74
Where is the prostate gland located:
beneath the bladder
75
Prostatic urethra
the part of the urethra that runs through the prostate gland and internal sphincter of the bladder
76
After passing through the prostate, the urethra passes through:
the urogenital diaphragm
77
Where is the membranous urethra
the part of the urethra in the urogenital diaphragm
78
What surrounds the urogenital diaphragm
the external sphincter
79
Where are the bulbourethral glands
within the urogenital diaphragm
80
Where do the bulbourethral glands' ducts enter
the urethra in the penis
81
Where is the penile urethra located
the penis
82
Ovaries
the paired female sex glands
83
The ovaries produce
the ova
84
Round ligament of the ovary
suspend the ovaries from the uterus
85
Where is the round ligament of the uterus?
runs from the wall of the uterus, through the inguinal canal, to labia majora
86
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
suspends the ovaries from the pelvic wall
87
Function of the uterine tubes
collect the ova from the ovary and convey them to the uterus
88
The uterine tubes have 3 parts:
- The infundibulum - The ampulla - The isthmus
89
The infundibulum
The part of the uterine tubes that is open with fimbriae and reach to the ovary
90
The ampulla
the body of the uterine tubes and is lined with a ciliated epithelium that propels ova toward the uterus
91
The isthmus
the region of the uterine tubes where the tube opens into the uterus
92
Infundibulum
93
Uterine tube
94
Uterus
95
Mesosalpinx
96
Mesovarium
97
Ovary
98
Ovarian ligament
99
Broad ligament
100
Cervix
101
Vagina
102
Labia majora
103
Inguinal canal
104
Round ligament of uterus
105
Ovary
106
Broad ligament
107
Mesosalpinx
108
Mesovarium
109
Ovary
110
Where is the uterus
betweenthe bladder and the rectum
111
Broad ligament
a fold of peritoneum that covers the uterus
112
The uterus connects
the uterine tubes to the vagina
113
Function of the uterus
gestation of the embryo/fetus
114
The cervix has two openings:
- Internal OS | - External OS
115
Fornix
a circular recess around the external os
116
The external os opens into the
vagina
117
Posterior fornix
the deepest part of the fornix
118
The wall of the uterus has three layers:
- perimetrium - myometrium - endometrium
119
perimetrium
the capsule of the uterine wall
120
myometrium
the thick, smooth muscle wall of the uterine wall
121
endometrium
the inner mucosal lining of the uterine wall, which undergoes the changes of the menstrual cycle
122
Where is the vagina
upper 2/3 in the pelvis and lower 1/3 in the perineum
123
The vagina pierces the
pelvic floor
124
Vestibule
opening of the vagina
125
where is vestibule
between the labia minora, inferior to the external urethral orifice, and anterior to the anus
126
Recto-uterine pouch
127
Posterior fornix
128
Rectum
129
Anal canal
130
Vestibule
131
Urethra
132
Vagina
133
Bladder
134
Anterior fornix
135
136
The common iliac artery has two main branches
- External iliac artery | - Internal iliac artery
137
External iliac artery location
runs down the lateral wall on the pelvic brim and enters the thigh under the inguinal ligament
138
Internal iliac artery supplies
the artery to the pelvis and the gluteal region
139
Internal iliac artery main branches
- Lateral sacral artery - Superior gluteal artery - Inferior gluteal artery - Interal pudendal artery - Uterine artery - Vesicular arteries - Obturator artery - Vaginal artery
140
Lateral sacral artery goes to
pelvic walls
141
Internal pudendal artery goes to
the perineum
142
The uterine artery goes to
the uterus
143
Vesicular arteries goes to
the bladder
144
Obturator artery goes to
runs through the obturator canal to the medial compartment of the thigh
145
Vaginal artery goes to
replaces the inferior vesicular artery
146
The somatic nerves of the pelvis derive from the:
sacral plexus
147
Pudendal nerve runs to the
perineum
148
Pudendal nerve arise from
S2,3,4
149
The autonomic supply of the pelvis come from the _______ for sympathetic innervation
lower sympathetic trunk
150
The autonomic supply of the pelvis come from the _______ for parasympathetic innervation
pelvic plexus
151
Nerves that synapse in the pelvic plexus arise from
S2,3,4
152
two recesses of the borad ligament
- vesicouterine pouch (anteriorly) | - rectouterine pouch (posteriorly)
153
The borad ligament spawns two small mesenteries:
- mesovarium | - mesosalpynx
154
Mesovarium attaches
which attaches the ovary to the broad ligament
155
Mesosalpynx attaches
attaches the uterine tube to the broad ligament
156
Vesicorectal pouch
the ouch between the bladder and the rectum in the male
157
Levator ani
158
Anus
159
Urethra
160
Urogenital diaphragm
161
The perineum contains the:
- external genitalia - anal canal - ischiorectal fossa
162
Perineum is divided into two triangles:
- Urogenital triangle (anterior) | - Anal triangle (posterior)
163
Urogenital triangle contains
the external genitalia
164
Anal triangle contains
the anal canal and the ischiorectal fossa
165
Urogenital diaphragm covers
inferior surface of the levator ani
166
Urogenital diaphragm fills the:
triangular space
167
Perineal membrane
superficial fascia of the urogenital triangle
168
The urogenital diaphragm is attached on each side along the:
ischiopubic ramus, pubic, and ischium
169
The male has two parts to his genitalia:
the penis and the testes
170
The penis consists of three cylinders in its erectile tissue
- the paired corpora cavernosa - midline corpus spongiosum - urethra
171
Where is the crus
proximal on each corpus cavernosum
172
Ischiocavernosus muscle
attach the crura to the body of the ischium
173
Corpus cavernosa
174
Corpus spongiosum
175
Urethra
176
Testis
177
Bulbourethral gland
178
Prostate
179
Seminal vesicle
180
Rectum
181
Ureter
182
Bladder
183
Prostatic urethra
184
Vas deferens
185
Penile urethra
186
3 muscles holding the penis in place
- 2 ischiocavernosis | - 1 bulbospongiosus
187
Peritoneum
188
Obturator internus & Fascia
189
Bulbospongiosus
190
Urogenital diaphragm
191
Ischiocavernosus
192
Levator ani
193
Where is the corpus spongiosum
between the two corpora cavernosa
194
Clitoris
an erectile organ with much of its structure homologous to the penis
195
Where is the clitoris?
at the superior angle of the vestibule
196
Where do the labia majora meet
superiorly at the mons pubis and posteriorly at the fourchette
197
The vulva is the
external genitalia
198
the vulva consists of
- mons pubis - labis (majora and minora) - clitoris - vestibule
199
Anus
200
Labia minora
201
Labia majora
202
Clitoris
203
Opening of urethra
204
Opening of vagina
205
Anal columns
the upper portion of the anal canal with longitudinal folds
206
Pectineal line
the inferior border of the anal columns
207
The internal anal sphincter
a thickening of the smooth muscle wall of the gut
208
The external anal sphincter
voluntary muscle and has deep, superficial and subcutaneous components
209
Ischiorectal fossa location
fat filled spacebetween the anal canal, levator ani, and the obturator internus
210
The ischiorectal fossa contains
the pudendal canal
211
Pudendal canal contains
- pudendal artery - pudendal vein - pudental nerve
212
The internal pudendal artery enters the perineum via the
pudendal canal
213
The internal pudendal artery gives off the
inferior rectal artery and the perineal artery
214
The internal pudendal artery divides into the
deep and dorsal arteries of the penis/clitoris
215
The pudendal nerve gives off the
inferior rectal nerve
216
the inferior rectal nerve goes to the
skin of the anal triangle and to the external anal sphincter
217
The pudendal nerve divides into the
perineal nerves and the dorsal nerve of the penis/clitoris
218
Testis and ovary generally are supplied by
least splanchnic nerves
219
Parasympathetic input of reproductive system comes from
pelvic splanchnic via the inferior hypogastric plexus
220
In the male reproductive system, parasympathetic nerves are responsible for
erection
221
In the male reproductive system, sympathetic nerves are responsible for
ejaculation
222
The sympathetic output for ejaculation generally comes from:
L1-2
223
What type of innervation contracts the sphincter of the bladder, preventing retrograde ejaculation
sympathetic
224
Ejaculation is assisted by the contraction of
the bulbospongiosus
225
The bulbospongiosus is innervated by the
pudendal nerve
226
In the female reproductive system, the sympathetic supply to the uterus and vagina is from
T10-L2
227
In the female reproductive system, the sympathetic services the
uterine and vaginal arteries and assists the endocrine system in uterine contraction

ANAT 316 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions