The Periodic Table

Question 1

What does group 1 elements consist of?

Answer 1

Alkali metals

Question 2

What are trends going down group 1? Why?

Answer 2

Increasing reactivity; closer = more attraction = harder to release electrons = less reactivity

Question 3

Name three physical properties of group 1 elements

Answer 3

• low MP/BP
• soft
• low density
• can be cut using knife

Question 4

Name two chemical properties of group 1 elements

Answer 4

• can react with oxygen
• can react with water

Question 5

What is the arrangement of atomic number in the periodic table?

Answer 5

Left to right = increasing atomic number

Question 6

What is the arrangement of periods in the periodic table?

Answer 6

Elements in same periods have the same amount of electron shells

Question 7

What is the arrangement of groups in the periodic table?

Answer 7

Elements have the same chemical properties, may have similar physical properties (bc of same no. of valence electron)

Question 8

Where are metals, non-metals, and metalloids placed in the periodic table?

Answer 8

Metals - left
Non-metals - right
Metalloids - middle

Question 9

What are metalloids?

Answer 9

Elements that possess properties of both metals and non-metals

Question 10

What are general trends going down and going across the group?

Answer 10

Going down - atoms get larger
Going across - atoms get smaller

Question 11

What is the arrangement of state of matter in the periodic table?

Answer 11

Solid to gas - left to right

Question 12

What are the colours and the state of the five elements in group 7 at room temperature?

Answer 12

Fluorine - pale yellow, gas
Chlorine - pale yellow-green, gas
Bromine - reddish-brown, liquid
Iodine - greyish-black, solid
Astatine - black, solid

Question 13

What are the trends going down group 7?

Answer 13

Decreasing reactivity, increasing density

Question 14

What does group 7 elements consist of?

Answer 14

Halogens

Question 15

Name three physical properties of elements in group 7

Answer 15

• low MP and BP
• colourful
• high density

Question 16

Name three chemical properties of elements in group 7

Answer 16

• poisonous
• diatomic
• reacts with alkali metals
• reacts with metal halide (displacement reaction)

Question 17

Name three physical properties of transition metals

Answer 17

• higher MP and BP,
• harder and stronger,
• higher density,
  Than group 1, 2 ,3

Question 18

Name three chemical properties of transition metals

Answer 18

• lesser reactivity than group 1, 2, 3
• forms coloured compounds
• variable oxidation state
• can be used as catalyst

Question 19

Properties of a catalyst and its function

Answer 19

• speed up chemical reaction
• remaid unchanged
• little amount required
• specific

Question 20

What does group 8 elements consist of?

Answer 20

Noble gases

Question 21

What is a noble gas?

Answer 21

Gases that are unreactive

Question 22

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 22

Atoms react to gain and lose electrons to get full outer shells, but noble gases already have full outer shells

Question 23

Name three physical properties of noble gases

Answer 23

• colourless
• MP and BP increases going down group
• density increases going down group

Question 24

Name four applications for noble gases

Answer 24

Helium - balloon and diver’s tank
Neon - advertisement board
Argon - light bulb
Krypton - airplane runway
Xenon - camera flashlight
Radon - kills cancer

Question 25

What are valence electrons and what do they do?

Answer 25

Valence electrons are the number of electrons in the outer shell; they determine the chemical reactivity and bonding behaviour of an element

Question 26

What is valency?

Answer 26

No. of electrons needed to lose or gain to achieve a full outer shell