The Reproduction System (The Continuance of Human Life) Flashcards
(22 cards)
Why do we reproduce?
1) To produce offspring -> species survival
2) Sexual Reproduction: create new gene combinations
3) Natural selection: only the best adapted survive
What are advantages of reproduction?
1) Increases variation
2) Promotes survival
3) Removes harmful genes from populations
What are disadvantages of reproduction?
1) Need two parents
2) Requires more time/energy
3) Fewer offspring produces
What are male Gonads?
testes (testicles) -> produce sperm
What are female Gonads?
ovaries -> produce eggs
What are male sex hormones?
testosterone
What are female sex hormones?
estrogen
What are male Gametes?
sperm
What are female Gametes?
eggs
The fusion of a male and female sex cell is called…
Fertilization
what does fertilization produce?
a Zygote
the zygote divides many times to form an ______ which continues to grow into a fetus
embryo
______:
- Male gonads )make reproductive cells)
- Produce sperm and testosterone (androgen)
Testes
when does sperm production begin?
at 13 and continues throughout life
_______:
- Tissue sac
- Close to body when cold, away when hot
Scrotum
Sperm production occurs at 3 degrees _____ than body temp
Lower
What are seminiferous tubules?
a coiled tube within testis (250m) that makes sperm
what is spermatogenesis?
making sperm
how much sperm is made in a day?
300-500 million/day (both)
what cells are in the seminiferous tubules?
1) Sertoli cells
2) Interstitial cells
_______ cells:
- found WITHIN tubules
- supply nutrients to developing sperm cells
Sertoli
____________ cells
- found BETWEEN tubules
- produce testosterone
interstitial
