The Republic at War

Question 1

How many prisoners were killed and what proportion were counter revolutionary?

Answer 1

1400 prisoner- 1/4 counter revolutionary

Question 2

What happened at the Battle of Valmy

Answer 2

52,000 French troops defeated 34,000 Prussians- it marked the end of the first phase of the terror and was key to protecting Paris?

Question 3

What was significant about the army at Valmy?

Answer 3

They had been summoned by the 11 July 1792 decree

Question 4

When was the Battle of Valmy?

Answer 4

September 20 1792

Question 5

When and what was the Decree of Fraternity?

Answer 5

19 November 1792- extend the revolution to the natural frontiers and to all people in any state wishing to overthrow the monarchy.

Question 6

What was the significance of the Decree of Fraternity?

Answer 6

It went against the 1791 constitution

Question 7

What was the effect of the Decree of French foreign affairs?

Answer 7

They posed a threat to the monarchies of Europe. The Great Powers became very concerned over French annexing of Nice and Savoy.

Question 8

When did the French declare war on Britain and the Netherlands?

Answer 8

1 February 1793

Question 9

What was the first coalition and when did it come together?

Answer 9

Anti French alliance created by Britain, with Netherlands, Spain, Austria and Prussia as leading members. It was a loose group created between March and September 1793, it did not have an official treaty binding its members.

Question 10

What happened in 1793 as a result of the new war against the first coalition?

Answer 10

French lost territory in Belgium and the left bank with fighting returning to French soil.
A large scale rebellion broke out in the Vendee which would turn into civil war.

Question 11

What did Dumouriez plot?

Answer 11

To march on Paris and overthrow the Convention

Question 12

Who was Carnot?

Answer 12

A military engineer and captain of the royal army. He was elected to the national convention and legislative assembly.
A leading member of the CPS with orders to reorganise the army.

Question 13

What were Carnot key reforms?

Answer 13

Reorganise army
Re-establish discipline
Lead by example in military matters

Question 14

What were the effects of Carnots reforms?

Answer 14

French won the battle of Wattignes on 16 October 1793

Question 15

What happened to the counter revolution by 1792?

Answer 15

It had collapsed

Question 16

What was the Vendee rebellion?

Answer 16

Anti- revolution rather than counter. It was against the call for conscription to the war, large scale taxation and the ccc

Question 17

When did the Vendee start and what was it caused by?

Answer 17

11 March 1793- Levee on Mass and large scale conscription

Question 18

What was the result of the Vendee on the war?

Answer 18

30,000 troops were withdrawn in May 1793 to deal with the problem

Question 19

Why was the Vendee never a serious problem?

Answer 19

They were not willing to move beyond a local base and guerrilla war meant the that to Paris was limited.

Question 20

What was the economic crisis in 1793?

Answer 20

Printing money caused the value of the currency to fall by 50%
Bread was very scarce, with people having to pay 90% of wages on bread
Riots on food stores and grain- demands for more radical economic policy grew.

Question 21

When were the September Massacre?

Answer 21

2-5 September 1792