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VETS1005 > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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2
Q

Bronchus

A

The bifurcation of the trachea that is a passageway into the air space of the lungs. The space on which the bronchi Lie is called the mediastinum

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3
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smallest branches of the bronchi

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4
Q

Alveolus

A

Air sacs in the lungs located at the ends of the bronchioles

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5
Q

Capillary

A

Smallest blood vessel. Oxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the walls of this vessel to and from the alveoli

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6
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells (RBC). Transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body

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7
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs in the lungs

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8
Q

Bifurcation

A

Splitting into 2 branches

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9
Q

Bronchus

A

Bifurcation of the trachea; passageway into the air spaces of the lungs. Also called bronchial tubes

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10
Q

Bronchioles

A

Sam,,eat braches of the bronchi; lead to the alveoli

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11
Q

Cilia

A

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract

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12
Q

Carbon dioxide

A

Gas released by tissue cells and transported to the heart and lungs for exhalation

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13
Q

Diaphragm

A

Thin, muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities

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14
Q

Epiglottis

A

Leaf-like piece of Cartilage ov the trachea to prevent aspiration of food

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15
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out; exhalation

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16
Q

External respiration

A

Gas exchange occurring in the lungs

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17
Q

Glottis

A

Opening to the larynx (voice box)

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18
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between the lungs

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19
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Specialised form of epithelial tissue that secretes mucous

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20
Q

Mucus

A

Slimy substance produced by mucous membranes; contains epithelial cells, salts, white blood cells, and glandular secretions

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21
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Proximal aspect of the respiratory tract within the nose

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22
Q

Olfactory

A

Condition of smelling

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23
Q

Oxygen

A

Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the rest of the body

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24
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

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25
Pleura
Membrane surrounding each lung
26
Pleural cavity
Space between the pleural membranes and surrounding each lung. Aldo called pleural space
27
Respiration
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the atmosphere
28
Respiratory system
Group of organs working together to transfer oxygen from the air to the blood and to transfer carbon dioxide from the blood to the air
29
Trachea
Windpipe
30
Ventilation
Exchange if gas (air) in an enclosed space
31
Vocal cords
Folds of mucous membranes in the larynx that vibrate to create sound
32
Agonal
Respirations near death
33
Antitussives
Substances used to control and prevent coughing
34
Asphyxia
Blockage of breathing leading to hypoxia; suffocation
35
Aspiration
Inhalation of a foreign substance into the respiratory tract
36
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder marked by dyspnea (difficulty breathing) and wheezing
37
Atelectasis
Incomplete dilation of a lung (alveoli)
38
Auscultation
Listening with a stethoscope to sounds within the body
39
Blood gas analysis
Laboratory test measuring oxygen and carbon dioxide in venous and arterial blood
40
Bronchodilators
Drugs that cause dilation or expansion of the bronchus
41
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
The reestablishment of heart and lung activity
42
Chest tube
Hollow tube placed into the Thoracic cavity to remove air or fluid
43
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Disease consisting of chronic bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and emphysema. Commonly called heaves or broken wind
44
Cough
Forced expulsion of air from the lungs
45
Diaphragmatic hernia
Displacement of abdominal organs through that opening in the diaphragm
46
Emphysema
Lung disease caused by enlargement of the alveoli. This occurs due to changes, or loss of elasticity, in the alveolar walls
47
Endotrachesl intubation
Placement of a tube through the mouth and into the windpipe to establish an airway
48
Epistaxis
Nosebleed
49
Hyperpnea
Increased depth of breathing
50
Hyperventilation
Abnormal, rapid, deep breathing
51
Hypopnea
Slow or shallow breathing
52
Intubation
Placement of a tube. This can refer to endotracheal, orogastric, and nasogastric
53
Metastasis
To spread beyond control; spreading of a tumour to a secondary location
54
Mucolytics
Substances used to break down or dissolve mucous
55
Palliative
Relieving symptoms, but not curing
56
Paroxysmal
Sudden occurrence such as a spasm or seizure. An example is a cough
57
Percussion
Tapping a surface to determine the density of the underlying structure. For example, if tapping the surface of a chest or abdomen filled sigh air, the sound produced is a hollow ping. If filled with fluid, the sound is more of a thunk or thud
58
Phlegm
Thick mucus excreted in large quantities
59
Pleural effusion
Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity
60
Pneumonia
Acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli
61
Pulse oximeter
Instrument for measuring oxygen concentration in arterial blood
62
Purulent
Containing pus
63
Rates and crackles
Crackling noises heard on inspiration due to fluid in the alveoli. Also called crepes
64
Rhonchi
Wheezing. High-pitched whistling sounds heard during inspiration
65
Sputum
Mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi and trachea
66
Stridor
Strained shrill heard during inspiration due to an airway obstruction
67
Tidal volume
Amount of gas passing in and out of the lungs during a respiratory cycle
68
Transtracheal wash
Introduction of sterile saline into the trachea through a catheter and then withdrawal of the fluid for cytology
69
Vesicular sounds
Soft sounds heard on auscultation due to small bronchioles and alveoli. Also called w vesicular murmur
70
Alveol/o
Alveoli; air sacs
71
Pector/o
Chest
72
Bronch/o; bronchi/o
Bronchial tube
73
Pharyng/o
Pharynx; throat
74
Pragm/o
Wall
75
Phren/o
Diaphragm

VETS1005 (11 decks)

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