The tapeworms Flashcards
(63 cards)
The tapeworms
Class Cestoda
- Subclass Eucestoda
- Subclass Cotyloda
True tapeworms”
▪ Possessing a scolex with 4 armed or unarmed suckers
▪ Segmentation is distinct
▪ Eggs are non-operculated
1 larval form & 1 IH
Class Cestoda
- Subclass Eucestoda
“Pseudo-tapeworms”
▪ Possessing a scolex with 2 longitudinal slits
▪ Segmentation is not as distinct
▪ Eggs are operculated
2 larval form & 2 IH
Class Cestoda
-Subclass Cotyloda
The segmented body: each segment is called proglottid.
Types of proglottid
-strobilla
1. immature proglottid
2. mature proglottid
3.gravid proglottid
A segment in the stroblia, which is a reproductive unit
Proglottid
encloses and protect group of eggs and is form from the uterus before it disintegrated
Hyaline egg capsules
denser areas of fibromuscular tissue of the parenchyma and are dilatations of the uterus which persist after the uterus has disappeared; it assumes the function of a uterus
Par-uterine organs
hexacanth embryo that is bilaterally symmetrical, spherical or oval, and is armed with 3 pairs of hooks
Oncosphere
a thick, dark, radially striated ‘shell’, and is the principal and most resistant covering of many oncosphere.
Embryophore
A metacestode with a single invaginated scolex withdrawn into a small, solid cyst.
Cysticercoid
A metacestode with a single invaginated scolex withdrawn into a single fluid-filled cyst or bladder.
Cysticercus
A single scolex, which is not invaginated when fully developed, and is attached to the bladder by a long segmented strobila
Strobilocercus
A large fluid-filled cyst/bladder similar to cysticercus, but with numerous invaginated scolices attached to the cyst wall.
Coenurus
large fluid-filled cyst/bladder which develops other cysts called brood capsules, in which the scolices develop.
Hyadatid cyst
an elongate, solid-bodies metacestode with a deeply invaginates acetabular scolex.
- Found only in Mesocestoides.
Tetrathyridium
The first metacestode stage in the life cycle of Pseudophyllidea and Diphyllidae (insidet their 1st IH)
- A solid bodied form that bears hooks on the posterior region
Procercoid
The 2nd metacestode stage in the life cycle of Pseudophyllidea and Diphyllidae (inside their 2nd IH)
- Elongate, solid bodied metacestodes which bear an adult scolex
Plerocercoid
Essentially tapeworms of horses and ruminants
➢ The scolex has no rostellum and no hooks
➢ Each proglottid has 1 or 2 sets of genital organs
➢ When gravid, the uterus persists as a transverse or network of tubes.
ntermediate hosts: Forage mites from the family Oribatidae
➢ Larval form: Cysticercoid
Family Anoplocephalidae
Important members of FAmily Anoplocephalidae
DH: equine
-Anoplocephala perfoliata
-Anoplocephala magna
Paranoplocephala mamillana
DH: ruminants
-Monieza expansa
-Monieza benedini
Anoplocephala perfoliata
Sucker with lappets
DH: Horses
IH: Oribatid mites / forage mites
Ps: Small and large intestine
disease: ulcerative lesions on mucosa of ileocaecal oriface
Anoplocephala magna
Largest tapeworm in equine
Scolex is larger (4-6 mm wide) and without ‘lappets’
DH: horses
IH oribatid mite
PS small intestine (jejunum)
Disease: Catarrhal or hemorrhagic enteritis
Paranocephala mamillana
▪ May reach 6-50 cm long and 4-6 cm wide
▪ Scolex is narrow and the opening of the suckers are slit-like and situated dorsally and ventrally
▪ Lappets are absent
DH: horses
IH: oribatid mites
PS: small intestine, stomach
disease: Catarrhal or hemorrhagic enteritis
Monieza expansa
▪ May reach 600 cm long and 1.6 cm wide
▪ Scolex has 4 prominent suckers; No rostellum, no hooks
▪ Has a row of inter-proglottid glands along the would width of the posterior margin of each proglottid
DH: ruminants
IH: oribatid mites
PS: small intestine
disease: Diarrhea, intestinal obstruction
Monieza benedeni
broader and having the inter-proglottidal glands arranged in a short, continuous row close to the middle of the posterior margin
DH: ruminants (cattle)
IH: oribatid mites
PS: small intestine
disease: Diarrhea, intestinal obstruction
