The Trauma Patient Flashcards
(27 cards)
what are the three types of trauma?
penetrating
blunt
burns
what is SIRS?
systemic inflammatory response syndrome, it is the release of arachidonic acid metabolites
what are three reasons that trauma patients are normally hypothermic?
prolonged exposure to the elements
massive blood loss
fluid resuscitation
what is the lethal trauma triad?
hypothermia
acidosis
coagulopathy
what does ABCDE stand for in assessment of a trauma patient?
airway breathing circulation disability exposure/environment
a Glascow coma score of what indicates immediate tracheal intubation?
< 8
inadequate cellular oxygenation is known as what?
shock
what are the three major types of shock?
hypovolemic shock
cardiogenic shock
distributive shock
how much blood can a patient lose before going into shock?
25-30%
what values are commonly seen on an ABG for a trauma patient?
metabolic acidosis
hypocarbia
hypoxia
what is DIC?
disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, it is a hypercoagulable condition that uses up all clotting factors leading to coagulopathy
what should be assumed in all head injury patients?
it should be assumed that they have a cervical spine injury
how should the induction agent be given to a trauma patient?
in small, titrated doses to avoid any CV depression
in patients with a head injury, what CPP should be maintained?
> 70 mmHg
what does ketamine do to ICP in normovolemic patients?
increases it
what will hyperventilation do to ICP?
reduce it
what is manual in-line stabilization?
one provider holds the patients head in place while the other intubates, to avoid movement of the cervical spine
what is damage control surgery?
an operative strategy designed to rapidly achieve hemostasis without attempting a definitive repair
patients with long bone fractures are at increased risk of what?
fat embolism
what is abdominal compartment syndrome?
sustained intra-abdominal pressure greater than 20 mmHg with organ failure
to be considered a level 1 trauma center what must be available 24 hours a day?
neurosurgeon and anesthesiologist
what is the range of the Glasgow coma scale?
3-15
what will ketamine do to patients with maximally stimulated sympathetic nervous system response?
cause hypotension and myocardial depression
what drug should not be used in the first 24 hours after crush injuries?
succinylcholine
