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Uni > The Vascular System > Flashcards

The Vascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins.

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2
Q

What do arteries do?

A

They carry blood away from the heart.

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3
Q

What are the 3 layers of an artery?

A

Endothelium, Smooth Muscle, and the outer layer.

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4
Q

What is Vasoconstriction?

A

It is a decrease in the diameter of the blood vessel lumen.

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5
Q

What is vasodilation?

A

It is an increase in the diameter of the blood vessel lumen.

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6
Q

What are Arterioles?

A

These are small arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries.
They do this through constriction and dilation.

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7
Q

What do arterioles play a key role in?

A

Regulating the blood flow from the arteries and capillaries.

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8
Q

What are capillaries?

A

They are microscopic blood vessels that connect arteriolesto venules.

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9
Q

What are capillaries also known as?

A

The exchange vessels

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10
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

They exchange waste and nutrients between the body’s cells and the blood.

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11
Q

What do veins carry?

A

Deoxygenated blood

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12
Q

Where do veins empty all their deoxygenated blood too?

A

The right atrium

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13
Q

Where do the Superior Vena Cava, the Inferior Vena Cava, and the Coronary Sinus empty into?

A

The Right Atrium

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14
Q

What helps regulate Heart Rate and Stroke volume?

A

The Cardiovascular centre in the medulla oblongata.

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15
Q

what is the medulla oblongata?

A

It is the connection between the brain stem and the spinal cord and has many important centers.

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16
Q

What are the 3 main types of sensory receptors found in the cardiovascular center?

A

Proprioceptors, Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors.

17
Q

What does Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone (RAA) systemdo?

A

The kidneys secrete the enzyme renin to increase Blood pressure.

18
Q

What do Epinephrine and norepinephrinedo?

A

Sympathetic stimulation increases cardiac output.

19
Q

What does Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)cause?

A

Vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure.

20
Q

What does Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)cause?

A

The atria of the heart causes vasodilation and lowers blood pressure

21
Q

What are the 3 age-related changes to blood vessels?

A

1) Arteries can become less elastic.
2) Calcium deposits on the vessel walls.
3) Thrombi can form.

22
Q

What are the 3 main veins?

A

The Superior Vena Cava, the Inferior Vena Cava, and the Coronary Sinus.

Uni (7 decks)

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