Theme 2: Rural Urban Links

Question 1

What is the rural urban continuum (small to large)?

Answer 1

Isolated farm house, hamlet, village, sub-urbanised village, town, large urban area, city, mega city.

Question 2

What is a sphere of influence?

Answer 2

The larger area (city) that people commute to for services.

Question 3

Why do cities have large sphere of influences?

Answer 3

They have more services, attractions and job opportunities than smaller areas like villages.

Question 4

What is counter-urbanisation?

Answer 4

The movement of people from an urban to rural area.

Question 5

What are 5 pull factors of rural areas?

Answer 5

Safer
Quieter 
More wildlife
Larger homes 
Improved wifi and transport for commuters

Question 6

What are 4 impacts of counter-urbanisation on rural areas?

Answer 6

House prices will increase
Services may go out of business due to commuters
Increase in cars, more pollution
Rural schools become overwhelmed with population increase

Question 7

How are rural locations changing?

Answer 7

The number of services are decreasing due to cities being close and commuters using their advanced services.

Question 8

What is rural deprivation?

Answer 8

When an area has a lack of the services needed for a reasonable standard of living.

Question 9

What is the negative multiplier effect in rural deprevation?

Answer 9

One factor has a knock-on negative effect.
Lack of jobs=people move.
Less people=less services
Less services=loss of jobs

Question 10

What is Eagan’s wheel?

Answer 10

A criteria that outlines what creates a sustainable community.

Question 11

What are the 3 social factors of a sustainable community?

Answer 11

Equity, Inclusive (active), Safe.

Question 12

What are 3 economical factors of a sustainable community?

Answer 12

Jobs, services, transport links.

Question 13

What is the environmental factor of a sustainable community?

Answer 13

Reducing the negative impact on the environment (renewable energy).

Question 14

What 5 factors make rural communities sustainable?

Answer 14

Transport links
Jobs
Education
Healthcare
Renewable energy

Question 15

What are the 3 social factors that contribute to UK population change?

Answer 15

Universal healthcare
Culture - shorter fertility period, less children
Contraceptives

Question 16

What are 2 economic factors of the UK’s population change?

Answer 16

Cost of a family

Maternity pay

Question 17

What are 2 political factors of the UK’s population change?

Answer 17

Migration

Vaccination

Question 18

What is net migration?

Answer 18

The number of people who have entered the country - the ones that have left.

Question 19

What is natural population change?

Answer 19

The number of births and deaths.

Question 20

What are 4 factors for why people move to the UK?

Answer 20

Availability of jobs, good wages
Stable, democratic society
Healthcare
Good education

Question 21

What are 6 impacts of migration?

Answer 21

Dangerous low paid jobs filled
More young adults paying taxes 
Pressure on schools to provide for non-english speakers
More diverse culture
House prices increase
Increase in birth rate

Question 22

What are 3 opportunities of an ageing population?

Answer 22

Grandparents can help with childcare
Retired volunteers
Contribute to the economy via spending possible disposable income

Question 23

What are 4 challenges of an ageing population?

Answer 23

Strain on NHS/healthcare
Pensioners do not work. shrinking the workforce
Pensions must be paid for longer
More workers in care homes, reducing workers in other job industries

Question 24

What is a greenfield site?

Answer 24

An area of land that has not been built on before.

Question 25

What is a brownfield site?

Answer 25

An area of land that has been built on before.

Question 26

What are 4 positives of greenfield sites?

Answer 26

Cheap to develop
Greener area
Quicker to build new housing
Layout not hampered by old buildings

Question 27

What are 3 negatives of greenfield sites?

Answer 27

Impacts wildlife
Increase in pollution
Valuable (farmland/recreational) land lost

Question 28

What are 4 positives of brownfield sites?

Answer 28

Helps rejuvenate abandoned areas
Reduces loss of countryside
Services already in place (like water/gas/sewage/electricity)
Often near cities (areas of employment

Question 29

What are 4 negatives of brownfield sites?

Answer 29

Surrounding area may be unattractive
May cost a lot to clean up if area is polluted/toxic
Old buildings may be demolished
May lack modern transport infrastructure, costs a lot to develop

Question 30

What are convenience goods?

Answer 30

Necessities that are bought frequently (like bread and milk).

Question 31

What are comparison goods?

Answer 31

Bought less frequently, more expensive items like household appliances.

Question 32

What are 3 positives of out of town shopping centres?

Answer 32

Free, large parking
More space for larger stores
Land cheaper to build on

Question 33

What are 3 negatives of out of town shopping centres?

Answer 33

Only big chain stores
Encourages urbanisation in rural areas
Attracts shoppers from city centre and high street shops

Question 34

What are 3 positives of internet shopping?

Answer 34

More convenient + cheaper
Traffic in cities reduced
More jobs for delivery drivers

Question 35

What are 3 negatives of internet shopping?

Answer 35

Not everyone has access to internet
More vulnerable to financial fraud
Items may not be as expected

Question 36

What is causing the decline in UK high streets?

Answer 36

Internet shopping and out of town shopping centres becoming more popular

Question 37

What do high streets have that bigger shopping centres don’t have?

Answer 37

Independent and unique shops.

Question 38

How are UK high streets bringing people back?

Answer 38

Better transport links
Pedestrianising streets
Improved CCTV - safer