Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Deck (16)
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1
Q

Trough and peak level collection times

A

Collect for trough level right before next dose

Collect for peak level 1 hour after oral or .5 hour after IV

2
Q

Digoxin

A

Treat CHF, peaks 2-3 hrs after oral ingestion

Ref range = 0.8-2.0 ng/mL

3
Q

Lidocaine

A

Treat arrhythmia and prevent ventricular fibrillation
Metabolized by liver into MEGX (contributes to toxicity not therapy), so need to measure both lidocaine and MEGX

Ref range = 1.5-4 ug/mL
> 4 ug/mL causes CNS depression, > 8 ug/mL seizures and hypotension

4
Q

Quinidine

A

Anti-arrhythmia drug

Ref range = 2-5 ug/mL

5
Q

Procainamide

A

Anti-arrhythmia drug
Metabolized to NAPA (similar effects so need to measure both)
Ref range = 4-8 ug/mL

6
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Antibiotic against gram neg bacteria

Associated with nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity

7
Q

Vancomycin

A

Antibiotic against gram pos bacteria

Associated with nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and “red-man syndrome” (flushing of extremities)

8
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Control seizures
Peak at 10 hours
Give primidone (inactive form) when you need fast absorption

Toxicity can cause drowsiness, depression, fatigue, altered mental ability
Ref range = 15-40 ug/mL

9
Q

Phenytoin

A

Treat seizures
Peak 4-5 hours after dose

Total serum = 10-20 ug/mL
Free serum = 1-2 ug/mL

10
Q

Valproic acid

A

Control seizures

Ref range = 50-100 ug/mL

11
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Control seizures

Ref range = 4-12 ug/mL

12
Q

Lithium

A

Treat manic depression
Peak 2-4 hours after
Ref range = 1.0-1.2 mmol/L

13
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants

A

Treat depression, insomnia, apathy, loss of libido
Peak 2-12 hours after
Amitriptyline to nortritriptyline
Imipramine to desipramine

14
Q

Theophylline

A

Treat asthma and COPD

Ref range = 10-20 ug/mL

15
Q

Cyclosporine

A

Suppress transplant rejection/graft-versus-host disease

Peak 4-6 hours after

16
Q

Methotrexate

A

Destroy neoplastic cells

Give leucovorin to prevent cytotoxicity to normal cells