Therapy

Question 1

What is Psychotherapy?

Answer 1

the treatment of psychological problems through psychological techniques

Question 2

How many “brands” of psychotherapy?

Answer 2

over 500

Question 3

Are all psychotherapies equally effective?

Answer 3

yes, however all are not equally effective for certain disorders

Question 4

Many therapists take an ___ approach that combines diverse theories and techniques

Answer 4

eclectic

Question 5

The two basic assumptions of insight therapy are…

Answer 5

1. being aware of one’s motivation helps change
2. causes of maladjustments are unresolved unconscious conflicts

Question 6

What is the aim of psychoanalysis?

Answer 6

uncovering unconscious conflicts

Question 7

What 6 techniques are used during psychoanalysis?

Answer 7

1. free association
2. dream analysis
3. interpretation
4. resistance
5. transference
6. working through - cycle of interpretation, resistance and transference

Question 8

How do neo-freudian based therapies differ from freud’s?

Answer 8

they focus on conscious aspects of client and emphasize need for love, power and status

Question 9

What are some criticisms of psychoanalysis

Answer 9

1. unscientific and imprecise
2. subjective
3. some parts are untestable
4. sexist
5. expensive in time and cost

Question 10

Carl Roger’s Person/Client Centred Therapy aims to…

Answer 10

help people evaluate the world and themselves from their own perspective

Question 11

Rogerian therapists hold that problems occur when…

Answer 11

a person is kept from developing his or her unique potential

Question 12

What techniques are used in Carl Roger’s client-centred therapy?

Answer 12

1. unconditional positive regard
2. congruence
3. empathic listening

Question 13

Is behaviour therapy effective?

Answer 13

Yes, and inexpensive

Question 14

What is the focus of behaviour therapy?

Answer 14

changing easy-to-see behaviour

Question 15

What is a operant conditioning?

Answer 15

modification of behaviour through association of stimuli with punishment or reinforcement

Question 16

What is a reinforcer in operant conditioning?

Answer 16

anything that increases probablility that an event will occur eg. praising a child for putting toys away

Question 17

What is counterconditioning?

Answer 17

conditioning to change response to stimulus

Question 18

Who developed systematic desensitization?

Answer 18

Joseph Wolpe

Question 19

Explain the steps of systematic desensitization?

Answer 19

1. client is taught how to relax
2. create a hierarchy of fears
3. in relaxed state, person will face each fear from bottom of hierarchy to top, learning relaxation instead of fear as a response

Question 20

What is aversive conditioning?

Answer 20

help a person give up a habit by associating it with something negative eg. person given nausea producing drug while smoking

Question 21

Cognitive behaviour therapy changes behaviour by…

Answer 21

changing the person’s thoughts or perceptions

Question 22

Rational Emotive Therapy was formed by…

Answer 22

Albert Ellis

Question 23

What is Rational Emotive Therapy?

Answer 23

type of cognitive therapy that aims to challenge irrational thoughts, belief that rational thoughts are important

Question 24

Biologically based therapies involve…

Answer 24

medication, hospitalization and physicians

Question 25

True or False: drugs permanently cure abnormalities

Answer 25

False

Question 26

What was first use of drug in psychology?

Answer 26

Thorazine (antipsychotic drug), in 1954

Question 27

What are the two types of anti-anxiety drugs?

Answer 27

Benzodiazepines and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Question 28

How do anti-depresseants work?

Answer 28

alter levels of brain chemicals

Question 29

3 major categories of antidepressants

Answer 29

Tricyclics Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors SSRIs

Question 30

Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat...

Answer 30

schizophrenia and other illnesses

Question 31

What are side effects of antipsychotic drugs?

Answer 31

tardive dyskinesia (repetitive muscle movements) a central nervous system disorder

Question 32

What is psychosurgery

Answer 32

brain surgery

Question 33

In the 1940s and 1950s ___ was a common form of psychosurgery

Answer 33

Prefrontal lobotomy - thought to alleviate symptoms

Question 34

What was side effect of prefrontal lobotomy?

Answer 34

some people became emotionless and unaturally calm

Question 35

What is Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)?

Answer 35

electric current briefly applied to head to produce a generalized seizure

Question 36

What is deinstitutionalization?

Answer 36

transfer of treatment of mental health problems from inpatient facilities to community based facilities