Thermal Physics Definitions Flashcards
(51 cards)
What is Gases?
A state of matter in which the particles are spread apart and have high kinetic energies. Any intermolecular forces acting between the particles are very weak.
What is Liquids?
A state of matter in which the particles are in contact, but can flow over each other. Intermolecular forces act between the particles.
What is Solids?
A state of matter in which the particles are tightly packed together and can only vibrate about their fixed positions. Strong intermolecular forces act between the particles.
What is Brownian motion?
It is the random motion of particles suspended in a medium.
What is Gas temperature?
The temperature of a gas is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of its molecules.
What is Kinetic molecular model of matter?
States that matter is made up of particles that are constantly moving.
What is Pressure of a gas?
The perpendicular force (rate of change of momentum) per unit area acting on the surfaces of a container as a result of the gas particles colliding with it.
What is Suspension?
A state in which particles are dispersed throughout a fluid.
What is Evaporation?
It is the process of changing from a liquid or solid state into vapor due to the escape of more-energetic molecules from the surface of a liquid. It is influenced by temperature, surface area and draught over a surface.
What is Evaporative cooling?
It is cooling due to evaporation due to the escape of more-energetic molecules from the surface of a liquid. As a result, a body in contact with an evaporating liquid also experiences a loss in temperature.
What is Kelvin?
The absolute scale of temperature, where absolute zero refers to the minimum possible temperature (0 kinetic energy) of a substance.
What is Molecule?
It is a particle made up of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together.
What is Temperature?
A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. An increase in temperature will result in an increase in the particles’ kinetic energies and velocities.
What is Volume of a gas?
It is the quantity of three-dimensional space occupied by a gas.
What is Application?
The action of putting something into operation.
What is Thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion is the increase, or decrease, of the size (length, area, or volume) of a body due to a change in temperature.
What is Fixed points?
A well-defined reproducible temperature which can be used as a reference point.
What is Liquid-in-glass thermometer?
An instrument for measuring and indicating temperature in which the thermally sensitive element is a liquid contained in a graduated glass envelope, which uses the thermal expansion of the liquid to measure readings.
What is Linearity of a thermometer?
It is the property in a thermometer defined as the same distance between all degree intervals.
What is Measurement?
It is the process of associating numbers with physical quantities.
What is Physical property?
is any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system.
What is Range of a thermometer?
It is the difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures that the thermometer can read.
What is Sensitivity of a thermometer?
It is defined as the increase in the length of the mercury column per unit increase in temperature.
What is Thermocouple?
A device for measuring temperature in which a pair of wires of dissimilar metals (such as copper and iron) are joined and the free ends of the wires are connected to an instrument (such as a voltmeter) that measures the difference in potential created at the junction of the two metals.
