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ANATOMY exam3 > thigh > Flashcards

thigh Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

what shape is the femoral neck

A

hourglass shape, thinnest at middle

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2
Q

the surfaces of the neck of femur and their relation with the capsule placement in the hip joint

A

anterior surface lies completely within the capsule of hip joint, posterior surface upper 1/2 to 2/3 of posterior surface lies within capsule of hip joint.

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3
Q

what makes up the femoral angle of inclination? what are the angles for males vs female

A

neck of femur joints the shaft at angle

male: 125 degrees
female: 105 deg

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4
Q

what makes the angle of declination? angle?

A

ANTERIOR projection of the femoral head from shaft at angle of 12-14 degrees

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5
Q

what shape is the greater trochanter of the femur?

A

quadrilateral shaped

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6
Q

what inserts along the oblique bony ridge along the lateral surface? What is the significance between

A

gluteus medius

it divides the lat surface of greater trochanter into two triangular areas. trochanteric bursae overlie this.
bursae for gluteus medius overlies upper traingular area, and bursa for gluteus max overlies lower triangle

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7
Q

what is the major feature of the medial surface greater trochanter? what insert there?`

A

trochanteric fossa, tendon of obturator externus.

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8
Q

what inserts anterior to trochanteric fossa? what inserts in the trochanteric fossa?

A

obturator internus, and superior and inferior gemelli muscles terminate by inserting into tendon of obturator internus

obturator externus: fossa

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9
Q

what inserts on the superior, inferior border and anterior and r border of the greater trochanter?

A

piriformis inserts onto superior border
gluteus minimus: anterior border
vastus lateralis: inferior border
posterior border: no muscular attachment

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10
Q

what is the only structure attached to lesser trochanter? what inserts at apex of lesser trochanter? base?

A

iliopsoas only attachment

apex: psoas major
base: iliacus (and between the spiral ad pectineal lines

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11
Q

what attaches to the intertrochanteric line

A

iliofemoral ligament
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis

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12
Q

what attaches at the quadrate tubercle? where is it located

A

quadratus femoris, mid way along the intertrochanteric crest

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13
Q

what is the major feature on the posterior border of the femur

A

linea aspera

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14
Q

what is the medial, intermediate, and lateral line that unite to join linea aspera

A

medial:intertrochanteric line–> spiral line–> medial lip
intermediate: pectineal line
lateral line: extends from greater trochanter to lateral lip of linea aspera

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15
Q

what muscles attach to the gluteal tuberosity

A

adductor magnus, vastus lateralis, gluteus maximus (superiorly), short head fo biceps femoris (inferiorly)

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16
Q

what are the muscles that insert onto femur between the attachments of adductor magnus and vastus medialis

A

superiorly: iliacus and pectineus muscles, adductor brevis attaches to lineral aspera more superior ly that adductor longus

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17
Q

where does the medial line of the medial supracondylar line end?

A

adductor tubercle

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18
Q

whats the difference between the condyles

A

lateral condyle : more pronounced and broader, medial condyle is longer

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19
Q

what separates the patellar and tibial articular surfaces of femoral condyles? whats the difference between the lateral and medial one

A

sulci menisci

lateral: completely separates patellar surface of lateral femoral condyle from tibial surface

medial sulcus meniscus is deficient laterally where tibial and patellar surfaces are continuous

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20
Q

what attaches to the adductor tubercle

A

adductor magnus muscles

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21
Q

how is the attachment of the popliteus in the popliteal groove?

A

popliteus is in the oblique groove when the knee is flexed, and vertical groove when the knee is extended

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22
Q

what supplies the femoral head?

A

infants/children/teenagers during ossification of femur is the obturator artery

adults: medial femoral circumflex , enters neck of femur , in additional cruciate anastamoses

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23
Q

what supplies the shaft of the femur? what landmark on femur signifies this

A

nutrient artery from 2nd perforating artery

nutrient canal is directed obliquely AWAY from groing end of bone

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24
Q

what supplies the distal portion of femur?

A

superior lateral, superior medial genicular arteries, descending genicular arteries and the descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

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25
how many and what are the borders and surfaces of patella
3 borders: superior, medial, latearl | 2 surfaces: anterior and posterior
26
what muscles attach to each border of patella
superior: rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, medial: vastus medialis lateral: vastus lateralus
27
whats the difference between the right and left patella facet what supplies the patella
lateral: larger, deeper, more concave genicular arteries
28
what is the saphenous opening called? what is it for? and what tissue covers the saphenosu hiatus
fossa ovalis, fascia cribrosa | used for opening for the great saphenous vein
29
what is the iliotibial band called? function? attachment?
thickened tendon in lateral part of fascia lata helps keep knee extended and provide lateral stability when standing attaches to ilium proximally and to lateral condyle of tibial distally
30
what forms the roof of the adductor canal
sartoriuous
31
what is located in the popliteal groove? what is its specific functions
popliteal tendon: knee extended --> vertical groove knee flexed-->oblique groove
32
attachments of fascia lata
thick laterally, thin medially anterior: pubic tubercole, inguinal ligament, asis
33
what inserts in the IT band
tensor fascia lata, gluteus max
34
what makes up the pectineal line
line from lesser trochanter to medial lip of femur
35
what attachses to the medial epicondyle?
tibial collateral ligament
36
what supplies the proximal, shaft vs dital end end of the femur
obturator a., medial femoral circumflex, laterla femoral circumflex, inferior gluteal, 1st perforating= proximal shaft: nutrient artery of 2nd perforating distal end: superior lateral, superior medial genicular arteries, descending genicular artery and descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex
37
what has partial origin on the spiral line
vastus medialis
38
which epicondyle on the femur is larger?
medial condyle
39
where are the two grooves for the popliteus located?
lower portion of the lateral epicondyle
40
different fascia names from thigh to feet
thigh: fascia lata leg: crural fascia foot: deep fascia
41
what part of the saphenous opening is the falciform margin
lateral margin
42
sartorius action
flex, abduct, laterally rotate thigh. | flex knee, medially rotate knee when flexed
43
quadriceps mucscle/rectus femoris
extend leg rectus femoris: extend leg and flex thigh
44
muscles of the medial compartment of thigh
gracilis, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus ALL adducts
45
gracillis
adduct and medial rotate at the hip | Flex at knee
46
pes anserinus action
flex knee
47
Pectineus
flexion, adduct and medial rotate at hip
48
adductor longus
flex and adduct hip
49
adductor brevis
flex and adduct hip
50
adductor magnus
flex adduct and EXTEND hip
51
posterior compartment of thigh
biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus
52
biceps femoris
BOTH: flex knee laterally rotate knee from flexed position LONG head: extends and laterally rotate at hip
53
semitendinosus
flex at knee and medial rotate from full flexion | Extends hip
54
semimembranosus
flex and medial rotate knee in flexion | Extend thigh
55
which branch of the obturator nerve communicates with the accessory branch when present? what would the accessory branch innervate
anterior branch pectineus
56
where is the subsartorial plexus located
inferior margin of adductor longus
57
when does the sciatic nerve usually split
when it goes beneath long head of biceps femoris
58
what branch from the profunda femoris pierces that vastus lateralis? adductor magnus
VL: transverse br adductor magnus: Perforating branches
59
what artery supplies the vastus lateralis
descending br of lateral femoral circumflex
60
what are the superior genicular arteries superior to on the femur
femoral condyles
61
what does the sural artery supply
gastroc soleus and plantaris
62
what muscles does the medial femoral circumflex supply
adductor muscles, gracilis, obturator externus
63
what surrounds the proximal end of great saphenous vein
superficial group of inguinal lymph nodes
64
what are the lymph nodes in the leg? what drains into each
popliteal and anterior tibial lymph node Popliteal: medial and lateral plantar, posterior tibial and peroneal -anterior tibial efferent vessels drained to popliteal ant tib: dorsalis pedis and ant tib
65
superficial inguinal nodes drain into where? where do the horizontal superficial inguinal nodes receive lymphatic vessels from inferior superficial inguinal lymph nodes?
external iliac node receive from superficial, lateral portion of gluteal region. Anterior abdominal perineum vertical: foot, leg thigh, perineum great saphenous vessel drain in here
66
infection to medial side of the foot will cause which lymph node to enlarge?
inferior superficial lymph node
67
how many deep inguinal lymph nodes lie within femoral sheath? which is most/least constant? which one is the gland of cloquet?
3 lowest most constant intermediate: most variable uppermost: gland of cloquet or node of rosenmueller
68
what drains into the deep inguinal node?
femoral vessel, superficial inguinal node
69
what drains into internal iliac node
pelvic organs, deeper gluteal region
70
how many popliteal nodes are there? where are they located what drains into each?
- deep to popliteal A--> vessels within knee joint - superficial to popliteal v: small saphenous vessel lateral and medial side of lymph vessels : anterior and posterior tibial and peroneal lymph vessels
71
where do the superficial and deep inguinal lymph node drain into
external iliac lymph node
72
what is located at the malleolar sulcus
FDL | TP

ANATOMY exam3 (13 decks)

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