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Clinical Anatomy > Thigh and Gluteal musculature > Flashcards

Thigh and Gluteal musculature Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

What is the fascia lata?

A

Thefascia latais the deepfasciaof the thigh. It encloses the thigh muscles and forms the outer limit of thefascialcompartments of thigh, which are internally separated by intermuscular septa. the outer limit of thefascialcompartments of thigh, which are internally separated by intermuscular septa.

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2
Q

What is the origin of the Iliacus?

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroiliac ligaments

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3
Q

What is the insertion of the Iliacus?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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4
Q

What is the action of the Iliacus?

A

Flexes thigh at hip

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the Iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3)
Psoas: Lumbar plexus L1/L2/L3

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6
Q

What is the origin of the Psoas Major?

A

Anterior surface of transverse processes, lateral borders of vertebral bodies and corresponding intervertebral discs T12-L5

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the Psoas Major?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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8
Q

What is the innervation of Psoas Major?

A

Ventral rami of lumbar nerves L1/L2/L3

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9
Q

What is the action of the Psoas Major?

A

Flexes thigh at hip

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10
Q

What is the origin of the Psoas Minor?

A

Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and discs between them, transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

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11
Q

What is the insertion of Psoas Minor?

A

Pectineal line

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12
Q

What is the innervation of Psoas Minor?

A

Ventral rami of lumbar nerves L1/L2

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13
Q

What is the action of the Psoas Minor?

A

Flexes lumbar spine
(Absent in 40-70% population)

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14
Q

What is the origin of the Sartorius?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the Sartorius?

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the Sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3)

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17
Q

tWhat is the action of the Sartorius?

A

Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint. Draws the leg to sitting tailor position thigh flexed laterally rotated and abducted and knees flexed

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18
Q

What are the Quadriceps Femoris?

A

Largest and one of the strongest muscles in the body
The tendons of the four parts join to form the quadriceps tendon attaching to the base of the patella, which in turn is attached through the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
Consists of 4 parts -
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

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19
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera

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20
Q

What is the insertion of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

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21
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)

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22
Q

What is the action of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Extends leg at knee joint

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23
Q

What is the origin of Rectus Femoris?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

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24
Q

What is the insertion of Rectus Femoris?

A

Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

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25
What is the innervation of Rectus Femoris?
Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)
26
What is the action of Rectus Femoris?
Extends leg at knee joint, helps iliopsoas to flex thigh
27
What is the origin of the Vastus Medialis?
Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
28
What is the insertion of Vastus Medialis?
Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity . Lowest fibers of muscle insert directly on the medial border of the patellar surface
29
What is the innervation of Vastus Medialis?
Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)
30
What is the action of Vastus Medialis?
Extends leg at knee joint and patellar stability
31
What is the origin of Vastus Intermedius?
Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur
32
What is the insertion of Vastus Intermedius?
Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity
33
What is the innervation of Vastus Intermedius?
Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)
34
What is the action of Vastus Intermedius?
Extends leg at knee joint
35
What is the origin of the Pectineus?
Superior ramus of pubis
36
What is the insertion of the Pectineus?
Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter
37
What is the insertion of the Pectineus?
Femoral nerve (L2/L3)
38
What is the action of the Pectineus?
Adducts and flexes thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh
39
What is the origin of Adductor Longus?
Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
40
What is the insertion of Adductor Longus?
Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur
41
What is the innervation of Adductor Longus?
Obturator nerve (L2/L3/L4)
42
What is the innervation of Adductor Longus?
Adducts thigh
43
What is the origin of Adductor Brevis?
Body and inferior ramus of pubis
44
What is the insertion of Adductor Brevis?
Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur
45
What is the innervation of Adductor Brevis?
Obturator nerve (L2/L3/L4)
46
What is the action of Adductor Brevis?
Adducts thigh, some thigh flexion
47
What is the origin of Adductor Magnus?
Adductor part: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium Hamstrings part: Ischial tuberosity
48
What is the insertion of Adductor Magnus?
Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line Hamstrings part: adductor tubercle of femur
49
What is the innervation of Adductor Magnus?
Adductor part: Obturator nerve (L2/L3/L4) Hamstrings part: Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)
50
What is the action of Adductor Magnus?
Adducts thigh, adductor part flexes thigh, hamstrings part extends thigh
51
What is the Adductor Hiatus?
Opening in aponeurotic distal attachment of adductor magnus Transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa Located just superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur
51
What is the Adductor Hiatus?
Opening in aponeurotic distal attachment of adductor magnus Transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa Located just superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur
52
What is the Adductor Canal and what does it contain?
 15cm long Narrow fascial tunnel in thigh running from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus in tendon of adductor magnus Contents - Femoral artery and vein Saphenous nerve Nerve to vastus medialis Boundaries: Anterior and Lateral: Vastus medialis Posteriorly: Adductor longus & magnus Medial: Sartorius
53
What is he origin of the Gracilis?
Body and inferior ramus of pubis and ischium
54
What is the insertion of the Gracilis?
Superior part of medial surface of tibia behind the tendon of sartorius
55
What is the innervation of the Gracilis?
Obturator nerve (L2/L3)
56
What is the action of the Gracilis?
Adducts thigh, flexes leg
57
What is the origin of the Obturator Externus?
Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane
58
What is the insertion of Obturator Externus?
Trochanteric fossa of femur
59
What is the innervation of the Obturator Externus?
Obturator nerve (L3/L4)
60
What is the action of the Obturator Externus?
Laterally rotates thigh Stabilizes and supports the proximal limb
61
What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?
Superior: Inguinal ligament Medial: Medial border of adductor longus Lateral: Medial border of sartorius Base: Inguinal ligament Apex: Where medial border of sartorius crosses medial border of adductor longus, continuous with the adductor canal Floor: Iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus Roof: Fascia, subcutaneous tissue and skin
62
What is the origin of Gluteus Maximus?
External surface of ala of ilium, including iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament
63
What is the insertion of Gluteus Maximus?
Iliotibial tract (75%) which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia and gluteal tuberosity (25%)
64
What is the innervation of Gluteus Maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5/S1/S2)
65
What is the action of Gluteus Maximus?
Extends thigh and assists in lateral rotation
66
What is the origin of Gluteus Medius?
External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
67
What is the insertion of Gluteus Medius?
Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
68
What is the innervation of Gluteus Medius?
Superior gluteal nerve (L5/S1)
69
What is the action of Gluteus Medius?
Abducts and medially rotates thigh
70
What is the origin of Gluteus Minimus?
External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
71
What is the insertion of Gluteus Minimus?
Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
72
What is the innervation of Gluteus Minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve (L5/S1)
73
What is the action of Gluteus Minimus?
Abducts and medially rotates thigh
74
What is the origin of the Tensor Fascia Lata?
Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of iliac crest between the ant superior iliac spine and the iliac tubercle
75
What is the insertion of the Tensor Fascia Lata?
Iliotibial tract that attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia
76
What is the innervation of the Tensor Fascia Lata?
Superior gluteal nerve (L4/L5)
77
What is the action of the Tensor Fascia Lata?
Assists Gluteus medius and minimus in abduction and medial rotation of the hip and stabilizes the pelvis while walking, helps Gluteus maximus to keep the knee extended
78
What is the origin of the Piriformis?
Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
79
What is the insertion of the Piriformis?
Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
80
What is the innervation of the Piriformis?
Branches from ventral rami of S1/S2
81
What is the action of the Piriformis?
Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts flexed thigh
82
What is the origin of the Obturator Internus?
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
83
What is the insertion of the Obturator Internus?
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur above the trochanteric fossa
84
What is the innervation of the Obturator Internus?
Nerve to obturator internus (L5/S1)
85
What is the action of the Obturator Internus?
Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts flexed thigh
86
What is the origin of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?
Superior: Ischial spine Inferior: Ischial tuberosity
87
What is the insertion of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
88
What is the innervation of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?
Superior: Nerve to obturator internus (L5/S1) Inferior: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5/S1)
89
What is the action of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?
Lateral rotator of extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh steady femoral head in acetabulum
90
What is the origin of Quadratus Femoris?
Lateral border of ischial tuberosity
91
What is the insertion of Quadratus Femoris?
Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and inferior to it
92
What is the innervation of Quadratus Femoris?
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5/S1)
93
What is the action of Quadratus Femoris?
Laterally rotates thigh
94
What is the origin of Semitendinosus?
Ischial tuberosity
95
What is the insertion of Semitendinosus?
Medial surface of superior part of tibia
96
What is the innervation of Semitendinosus?
Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)
97
What is the action of Semitendinosus?
Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
98
What is the origin of Semimembranosus?
Ischial tuberosity
99
What is the insertion of Semimembranosus?
Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
100
What is the innervation of Semimembranosus?
Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)
101
What is the action of Semimembranosus?
Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
102
What is the origin of Biceps Femoris?
Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line
103
What is the insertion of Biceps Femoris?
Lateral side of head of fibula
104
What is the innervation of Biceps Femoris?
Long head: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2) Short head: Common fibular (peroneal) division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)
105
What is the action of Biceps Femoris?
Extends thigh, flexes leg and rotates it laterally

Clinical Anatomy (21 decks)

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