things i didnae know 2 Flashcards by zoe coyne

who shouldn’t get dexamethasone in treatment of meningitis

septic shock
meningococcal septicaemia
immunocompromised
meningitis following surgery

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keratitis Mx

contact wearers
- same day referral to opthalmology

topical antibiotics
don’t wear contacts until symptoms resolve

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type of vision loss in ARMD

central vision loss

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what needs tested before TB management

U+Es
LFTs
vision testing
FBC

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presentation of giardiasis

ongoing diarrhoea
lethargy
bloating
flatulence
steathorrhoea
weight loss
recent travel

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severe hepatitis in pregnant woman

hep E

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first line management for ocular trauma

urgent lateral canthotomy to decompress the orbit
- before CT head

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most common infection of CNS in HIV

cryptococcus
- diagnose by india ink stain

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weber fracture

ankle fracture

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when should you take bisphosphonates in the day, and with food or no?

take in morning 30 mins before eating and sit up right

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what nerve is compressed in meralgia paraesthetica

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

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nerve conduction studies for carpal tunnel

action potential prolongation in both sensory and motor axons

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who gets 5mg folic acid

Obese
Coeliac
Diabetes
Thalassaemia
Anti-epileptics
NTD - previous

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when is cervical excitation found

in pelvic inflammatory disease and ectopic pregnancy

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psoriatic arthritis on X-ray

combination of erosions and new bone formation

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what usually causes cord prolapse

artificial rupture of membranes

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COCP post partum

< 6 weeks post partum + breastfeeding = NO

6 weeks - 6 months postpartum + breastfeeding = okay (UKMEC 2)

> 6 months post partum + breastfeeding = okay (UKMEC 1)

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cervical os in a threatened miscarriage

closed

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after 28 weeks, no fetal movements and no heart rate detected with doppler… what next

ultrasound
- CTG measures heartbeat and contractions so not sueful if no heartbeat

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first line if fetal movements not felt

handheld doppler
heartbeat deteced - CTG
no heartbeat - USS

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no movements have been felt by 24 weeks?

referral to maternal fetal medicine unit

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management of scaphoid fracture

waist = cast for 6-8 weeks
displaced waist = surgery
scaphoid pole = surgery

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how much weight loss in new born baby measn they should go to a breastfeeding clinic

10%

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most common place for ectopic

ampulla

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most dangerous place for ectopic

isthmus

which bacteria contributes to the development of acne

propionibacterium acnes

sensitising events in pregnancy for rhesus neg women, amy require anti-D

- Ectopic pregnancy - Evacuation of retained products of conception and molar pregnancy - Vaginal bleeding < 12 weeks, only if painful, heavy or persistent - Vaginal bleeding > 12 weeks - Chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis - Antepartum haemorrhage - Abdominal trauma - External cephalic version - Intra-uterine death - Post-delivery (if baby is RhD-positive)

hepatic adhesions

fitz-hugh-curtis

what makes a diagnosis of atypical anorexia

normal BMI

septic shock and in labour

immediate c-section

how do you calculate incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER)

the cost divided by QALY - cost per qaly

what is the PEP for the flu

oseltamivir - give to anyone who shares household with someone who has flu

gold standard investigation for malaria

thick and thin blood films

what is precocious puberty

the development of secondary sexual characteristics before 8 years of age in girls and 9 years in boys.

fever, productive cough, headache, neck stiffness and confusion

strep pneumoniae - combination of meningitis and pneumonia

most common type of breast cancer

ductal

management of hepatic encephalopathy

lactulose first line, with addition of rifaximin

what is addenbrooks cognitive assessment for

dementia screening

what is montreal cognitive assessment for

mild cognitive impairment

what is the barthel index

functional assessment for the ability of individuals to undertake activities of daily living.

most common complication of systemic sclerosis

pulmonary hypertension

management of oral thrush

nystatin

which psych drug causes hypothyroidism

LITHIUM

painless haematuria in a 74 year old man, what next

CYTOSCOPY

what is allodynia

when light touch causes pain - neuropathic pain - seen in shingles for example

onset of TB meningitis that makes it unique

slow onset - also signs of cough and weight loss

treatment order for hyperkalaemia

1. 30ml 10% calcium gluconate 2. Simultaneous 10 units insulin and 50ml 50% dextrose 3. Sodium bicarbonate +/- Salbutamol nebulised calsium resonium later to prevent reabsorption from the GI tract but not in acute setting

MoA of a loop diuretic

Blocks the Na+K +Cl-co-transporter

MoA of thiazide diuretic

block the Na+Cl- symporter at the distal convoluted tubule

first line treatment delirium

FIND OUT UNDERLYING CAUSE treatment of delirium to understand that nonpharmacological treatments are best if the patient is not distressed before thinking about sedatives and also looking to the casuation of the delerium

which cancer is AFP raised in

hepatocellular

which cancer is CEA raised in

colorectal

hallmark of refeeding syndrome in terms of electrolyte abnormalities

hypophosphataemia

Weakness, respiratory muscle involvement and confusion - electrolyte imbalance

hypophosphataemia

tram track appearance on basement membrane

membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

who gets biological valve

older patients

anticoag after biological valve

may give wafarin for three months - low dose aspirin long term

who gets mechanical valves

younger patients

target INR for aortic and mitral mechanical valves

aortic - 3 mitral - 3.5

threadworms proper name

enterobius vermicularis

what valve disease is assoc with ADPKD

mitral valve prolapse

whooping cough treatment

azithromycin or clarithromycin

lacunar stroke presentation

- unilateral motor disturbance - complete one sided sensory loss - ataxia hemiparesis

what can rapid rewarming cause in hypothermia

peripheral vasodilation and shock

what can acute withdrawal of levodopa cause

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

when do breech babies get screened for DDH

USS at 6 weeks

when is an essential temor worst

on use of hands - improved by rest

what is ebstein's anomaly caused by

the use of lithium in pregnancy

cause of endocarditis in prosthetic valve (<2 months post surgery)

staph epidermis

long term treatment of mobitz 2

pacemaker

ceftriaxone in under 3 months?

no! contraindicated

how long do patients with c. diff need to isolate for

until there has been no diarrhoea for at least 48 hours

what is osgood schlatter disease

pain tenderness and swelling over the tibial tubercle - seen in sporty teens - gradual onset - unilateral - releived by rest, worse by kneeling and activity

baby arching back when crying - worse in the evening

infantile colic

who gets a chest tube in pleural effusion

if the pleural fluid is: - purulent or turbid/cloudy - if the pH is less than 7.2 in patients with suspected infection (i.e. pneumonia) - the presence of organisms in the pleural fluid

calcium in sarcoidosis

HIGH

Mx aortic stenosis in high operative risk patients

transcatheter AVR

Contralateral homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing Visual agnosia

posterior cerebral artery stroke

when is carotid endarterectomy considered in TIA patients

stenosis > 50% on the side contralateral to the symptoms

thiazide diuretic electrolyte abnormalities

HYPERcalcaemia HYPOnatraemia HYPOkalaemia

rhythm control for AF < 48hrs with HF

AMIODARONE | absolutely not flecanide

how many shocks given for VF/pulseless VT

ONE followed by two mins of CPR | only give three shcoks if in a coronary care unit

which hypertension drug is less effective in black african or african-caribbean origin

ACEi

third heart sound in < 30 years

normal

damage to hypoglossal nerve

tongue deviates towards the AFFECTED side

first line treatment for hyperthyroid

propanolol - carbimazole only if grave's and symptoms not controlled with propanolol

how do you calculate serum osmolality

2 x(Na) + Urea + glucose

what is gliclazide

sulfonylurea

whats a good marker for liver restoration back to normal function

PT!! - alt is released when liver cells damaged do back to normal doesn't necessarily mean normal functioning liver

GPA on CXR

bilateral pulmonary nodules

AAA 3-4.4

screen annually

things i didnae know 2 Flashcards

(91 cards)