Thoracic Exam Flashcards
A stethoscope has a ____ and _____
bell and a diaphragm
bell hears
low frequency sounds
diaphragm hears…
higher frequency sounds- listen to first
Use your senses…
Look (behavior, breathing effort, body con)
Listen
Listen w/ stethoscope
Feel
What lymph nodes should you palpate?
submandibular, pre scapular (cervical), axillary
Where should you feel for apex beat
left side - 5th intercostal space below the costochondral junction
Where can you find the arterial pulse on different species
-femoral (small animal)
-facial (horses)
-coccygeal (cows)
tricks for dogs and horses to hear better lung sounds
finger over nose - dog
rebreathing (trash bag) - horses
What are upper airway abnormal sounds
stridor higher pitch) and stertor (bull dog)
What are lower airway abnormal sounds
crackles and wheezes
What are normal heart sounds in small vs large animals
small= S1 and S2
Large= S1 S2 S3/and or/S4
Think PAM
Pulmonic valve, Aortic Valve and Mitral valve on left side in a triangle
a p m
What valve can you hear the best on the right side
tricuspid
How to determine pulse deficit
take heart by auscultation AND pulse
Cats heart rhythm ?
ALWAYS regular - even in clinic setting
