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CATA 437 final > Thoracic Spine > Flashcards

Thoracic Spine Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Thorax requires a lot of

A

mobility

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2
Q

why is the thorax a difficult area to assess

A

MSK injuries and referred pain from viscera

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3
Q

ANS origin found between

A

T1 and L2

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4
Q

ANS responsible for

A

innervation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands and blood vessels

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5
Q

SNS

A

fight of flight

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6
Q

T1-T5 innervate

A

heart, lungs

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7
Q

T5-L2 innervates

A

stomach, intestines, spleen and liver, pancreas

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8
Q

T10-L2 innervates

A

distal half of large intestine, reproductive organs, urinary bladder, kidney

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9
Q

PNS

A

most active in non stressful situations
SLUDD

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10
Q

chest binding

A

compress breast tissue

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11
Q

concerns with use of binding

A

bad outcomes (used as a sense of safety in social spaces)

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12
Q

pectus carinatum

A

chest out

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13
Q

pectus excavatum

A

chest in

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14
Q

common T spine pathologies

A

scoliosis
kyphosis
thoracic outlet syndrome
rib fracture
muscle strains
costochondral and chondrosternal joint sprains
manubriosternal and strenoclavicular joint sprain
intervertebral facet joint sprain

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15
Q

rule of 3s T1-T3

A

TP at same level of vertebrae

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16
Q

rule of 3s T4-T6

A

tp 1/2 above sp

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17
Q

T7-T9 rule of 3s

A

tp at level of sp of vertebrae above

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18
Q

T10 TP position

A

same as T7-T9

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19
Q

Rule of 3’s for T11 SP

A

same as T4-T6

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20
Q

Rule of 3’s for T12 SP

A

same as T1-T3

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21
Q

true ribs

A

1-7

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22
Q

false ribs

A

8-10

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23
Q

floating ribs

A

At the levels of T11-T12

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24
Q

Rib 1 anatomy

A

apex or right lung
ant scalenes

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25
what joint allows bucket handle mvt
costovertebral
26
movement of ribs
pump handle bucket handle
27
if rotation to the right, the ribs are in
R = external rotation L= internal rotation
28
respiratory muscles
diaphragm serratus posterior external intercostals internal intercostals
29
serratus posterior- inferior
aids in respiration and lowers the ribs
30
serratus posterior-superior
aids in respiration and elevates the ribs
31
diaphragm
primary muscle of respiration dome seperates thorax from abdomen flattens in inspiration goes ups with expiration
32
what attaches to diaphragm
pleural tissue and pericardium
33
what nerves run between pericardial sac and diaphragm
phrenic nerves (C3,4,5)
34
facial connection of the diaphragm to what
psoas major and QL
35
esophagus pierces diaphragm at
T10
36
thoracolumbar fascia attaches medially to
thoracic and lumbar spine and laterally to costal angles, 12th rib
37
thoracolumbar fascia merges with
lats glute med glute max T A and int/ext obliques
38
MOI of muscle strains of T/S
coughing twisting/rotation activities and heavy lifting
39
ribs stress fractures common in
rowers (9%)
40
what ribs are affected by stress fx
most commonly posterior ribs (T4-T7) due to the pull of SA, rhomboids, lats, ES
41
disc herniation is as common in T/S than rest of spine
false
42
disc herniation most common in what population and where
males in 40-50s, 75% below T8
43
disc herniation is associated with what pain
axial pain, radiculopathy
44
law of scoliosis
1 rotation and side bend opposite
45
scoliosis named after what
apex of the curve and side of the convexity
46
scoliosis effect on ribs - convex side
ribs pushed posterior, angle gets sharper and overall volume is decreased
47
scoliosis effects on ribs- concave
ribs pushed anteriorly, widens the angle
48
cobb angle
angle between start and end of the curve
49
costochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum
50
costochondritis s&s
sharp achy or pressure like pain worse with coughing and deep breathing improves on its own
51
thoracic outlet 2 types
neuro (most common 95%) vascular (arterial 1-2% venous 3-5%)
52
Thoracic outlet syndrome most common in
women
53
TOS MOI
repetitive OH movement faulty posture improper breathing traumatic/whiplash/falls
54
common entrapment sites for TOS
between scalenes (ant/mid) 1st rib clavicle pec minor
55
Scheuermann' kyphosis
can occur in young age (13-16) vertabrae grow at different rate during child's growth spurt pain to follow after periods of exertion or long periods of inactivity
56
Dowager's hump
increased kyphosis from stress fractures or postmenopausal osteoporosis
57
proper breathing mechanics
nose expansion of abdomen slight anterior tilt of pelvis with inhalation pump and bucket handle mvt of the chest no shoulder mvt relaxation of neck muscles
58
chest breathing
whole body moves up tension through neck muscles rib flare
59
what muscles are used with chest breathing
SCM scalene UFT
60
collapsed breathing
whole body moves down shoulders hunched compression to the heart, lungs and organs chest and rib cage compress inferior belly projected forward and down
61
collapsed breathing common in
obese individuals and people suffering from depression
62
frozen breathing
entire outer layer of body contracts to constrict and suppress the rising movements of breath breath holding and tension
63
when can frozen breathing happen
cold environment or stressful situations
64
reverse breathing
abdomen contracts in on inspiration and out on expiration
65
non emergent signs of dysfunctional breathing
cranial movement on rib cage inward movement of abdomen movement of spine (flex/ext)
66
Signs of improper activation of core-stabilization during movements
1. Elevation of the chest - brings the diaphragm away from ideal position for maximal activation 2. Breath holding when performing tasks 3. The inability to maintain the intra-abdominal pressure during the normal respiratory cycle 4. Imbalanced abdominal activity with excessive contraction of the rectus abdominis, and lack of activity of the lateral and posterior parts of the abdominal wall 5. Belly breathing pattern where only the front of the abdomen expands 6. Concavities at the lower lateral abdomen
67
what does an elevated chest impair (breathing)
contraction of the costal part of the diaphragm
68
rib dysfunction
69
rib dysfunction

CATA 437 final (5 decks)

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