Thoracic Surgery

Question 1

what is the most common technique of stabilizing a flail chest?

Answer 1

closed technique

Question 2

what are thoracic wall defects usually due to?

Answer 2

resection of rib neoplasms

Question 3

where is marlex/polypropylene mesh sutured to for thoracic wall defects?

Answer 3

to internal surface of chest

Question 4

how old do dogs and cats with pectus excavatum need to be for surgery to work?

Answer 4

<4 months of age

Question 5

what is pectus excavatum?

Answer 5

intrusion of sternum and costal cartilages into thoracic cavity

Question 6

what is lung division based on?

Answer 6

primary bronchi

Question 7

what happens if you remove more than 60% of the lungs?

Answer 7

pulmonary hypertension

Question 8

how are pulmonary lacerations usually best treated?

Answer 8

thoracic drainage and allowed to seal spontaneously

Question 9

are primary pulmonary neoplasms usually malignant or benign?

Answer 9

malignant

Question 10

what are some presenting signs for feline primary pulmonary neoplasia?

Answer 10

lethargy
weight loss
dyspnea
lameness

Question 11

which dogs are predisposed to lung lobe torsions?

Answer 11

large dogs, deep narrow chests
male pugs <4.5 years

Question 12

which lung lobes can torse?

Answer 12

right middle lung lobe
left cranial lung lobe

Question 13

is spontaneous pneumothorax idiopathic?

Answer 13

not considered to be now

Question 14

which dogs are commonly affected by spontaneous pneumothorax?

Answer 14

large, deep-chested breeds

Question 15

what is the most common mediastinal neoplasm in the cat?

Answer 15

lymphosarcoma

Question 16

what is the treatment of lymphosarcoma?

Answer 16

chemotherapeutic agents
non-surgical

Question 17

when is prognosis of a thymoma in a dog guarded?

Answer 17

invasive or associated with megaesophagus/pneumonia

Question 18

what is the clinical sign of pericardial effusion?

Answer 18

cardiac tamponade

Question 19

what is the most common neoplasm causing pericardial effusion?

Answer 19

hemangiosarcoma of the right atrium

Question 20

what is the long-term prognosis of atrial hemangiosarcoma?

Answer 20

grave
surgery alone 3 months
surgery and chemo 5-7 months

Question 21

what is the prognosis of benign idiopathic pericardial effusion?

Answer 21

good following pericardectomy

Question 22

what color is chylothorax fluid?

Answer 22

usually milky white or pink and opaque

Question 23

what is the most common cause of chylothorax in dogs and cats?

Answer 23

idiopathic

Question 24

what are the surgical treatments for chylothorax?

Answer 24

ligation of thoracic duct
cysterna chyli ablation
pericardectomy

Question 25

what is the prognosis for full recovery for chylothorax?

Answer 25

fair to guarded

Question 26

what are the clinical signs of pyothorax?

Answer 26

respiratory distress signs of systemic infection

Question 27

do most dogs require median sternotomy for pyothorax?

Answer 27

yes