Thoracic Wall Flashcards
What is the vascular supply to the pectoral region?
internal thoracic a. & v.
between 2nd and 4th intercostal spaces
Where do the lymphatics of the pectoral region drain?
axillary and parasternal lymph nodes
What carries cutaneous innervation to the pectoral region?
lateral & anterior nn
4th to 6th intercostal nn
What is the pectoralis minor muscle enveloped in?
clavipectoral fascia
What muscles are involved in inspiration?
external intercostal muscle
serratus posterior superior
diaphragm m.
What muscles are involved in expiration?
internal intercostal m.
innermost intercostal m.
transversus thoracis m.
serratus posterior inferior m.
What pleural membrane is sensitive to pain? Visceral or parietal? What is it innervated by?
parietal - innervated by intercostal and phrenic nn.
What is it called when fluid fills the pleural cavity?
effusion
What do you call accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity?
hemothorax
What do you call accumulation of air in the pleural cavity?
pneumothorax
What do you call inflammation of the pleural cavity?
pleurisy
What conditions can lead to adhesions in the pleural cavity?
hemothorax
pleurisy
Where would you perform a pleural tap (thoracentesis)?
midaxillary line in intercostal space 6 or 7
any lower runs the risk of piercing diaphragm, liver or spleen
In the left lung, where is the pulmonary artery in relation to the primary bronchus?
typically superior
In the right lung, where is the pulmonary artery in relation to the primary bronchus?
typically anterior
What is the name of the inferior portion of the root of the lung?
pulmonary ligament
The root of the lung connects the lungs to what structure?
mediastinum
How many tertiary (segmental) bronchi are there in each lung?
Left: 8-10
Right: 10
What provides SYMPATHETIC innervation to the ant. and post. pulmonary plexuses? What effect does it have on the bronchioles?
sympathetic trunk
dilates
What provides PARASYMPATHETIC innervation to the ant. and post. pulmonary plexuses? What effect does it have on the bronchioles?
Vagus n.
constricts bronchioles
How does the vagus n. run in relation to the root of the lung? The phrenic? The pericardiacophrenic vessels?
Vagus - posterior to root of lungs
Phrenic n. - anterior to root of lungs
Pericardiacophrenic vessels run w/ phrenic n. (branches of internal thoracic a. & brachiocephalic v.)
What supplies nutrients to the bronchi & lungs?
bronchial aa.
What structures drain the lymph of the lungs?
tracheobronchial nodes
R/L bronchomediastinal trunks
What separates the two pleural cavities?
mediastinum
