Thoracic Wall

Question 1

4 parts of the sternum

Answer 1

manubrium, body, xiphoid process, sternal angle

Question 2

which rib articulates at the sternal angle?

Answer 2

2nd rib

Question 3

what is another name for the superior thoracic aperture?

Answer 3

thoracic outlet

Question 4

what covers the inferior thoracic aperture?

Answer 4

diaphragm

Question 5

3 main parts of a thoracic vertebrae

Answer 5

body, arch, processes

Question 6

what is on the vertebral arch?

Answer 6

pedicles and lamina provide protection for spinal cord

Question 7

where are the two costal facets on thoracic vertebra?

Answer 7

a pair is on the body and one is on the transverse process

Question 8

the costal facet on the transverse process binds what part of the rib?

Answer 8

the tubercule

Question 9

the costal facet on the body of the vertebra binds what part of the rib?

Answer 9

head of the rib

Question 10

what part of the rib has the costal groove?

Answer 10

the shaft of the rib

Question 11

what lies in the costal groove?

Answer 11

VAN…vein artery nerve

Question 12

how many vertebra does a rib articulate with?

Answer 12

2…the one it is numbered as and the one above

Question 13

name the three joints of ribs

Answer 13

costochondral
sternocostal
costovertebral

Question 14

what structure of the heart lies under the 3rd intercostal space?

Answer 14

left auricle

Question 15

what structure of the heart lies under the 4th/5th intercostal space on left?

Answer 15

left ventricle

Question 16

what structure of the heart lies under the right 4th intercostal space?

Answer 16

right atrium

Question 17

what lies under the right side 2nd and 3rd intercostal spaces

Answer 17

superior vena cava

Question 18

what vessel crosses under the manubrium of the sternum?

Answer 18

left brachiocephalic

Question 19

what space is the aorta in?

Answer 19

midline…2nd and 3rd ribs

Question 20

what structure is in the 5th intercostal space, and crosses the midline?

Answer 20

right ventricle

Question 21

what is pectus excavatum?

Answer 21

when sternum is too low and can cause trouble breathing…can have surgery

Question 22

what nerves innervate the pectoralis major?

Answer 22

medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 23

where does the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor insert respectively?

Answer 23

major is on humerus

minor is on coracoid process of scapula

Question 24

what nerve innervates the pectoralis minor?

Answer 24

medial pectoral nerve

Question 25

what nerve innervates the serratus anterior?

Answer 25

long thoracic nerve

Question 26

what can you give someone if they have bone cancer in ribs or have broken rib to relieve pain?

Answer 26

local anasthesia to the nerves in the rib shaft canal

Question 27

what is between the innermost intercostal muscles and the interior interccostals?

Answer 27

neurovascular plane!

Question 28

one innermost intercostal to know name of

Answer 28

transversus thoracis which is on the sternum and ribs

Question 29

what two vessels provide the arteries for the thoracis wall? and which is anterior and which is posterior?

Answer 29

``` aorta-posterior internal thoracic (mammary) artery-anterior ```

Question 30

what two vessels does the interior thoracic artery split into?

Answer 30

superior epigastric and musculosphrenic

Question 31

what can the internal thoracic artery be used for?

Answer 31

coronary artery bypass graft

Question 32

where does venous blood from thoracic wall drain?

Answer 32

into the azygos veins which are located posteriorly but anterior to body of spinal column

Question 33

where does mediastinum extend?

Answer 33

from the superior thoracic apertrure to the diaphragm

Question 34

what is in the anterior inferior mediastinum?

Answer 34

thymus! or fat

Question 35

what is in the middle inferior mediastinum?

Answer 35

heart, pericardium, great vessels

Question 36

what is in the posterior inferior mediastinum?

Answer 36

esophagus, descending aorta, azygos veins, thoracic duct, autonomic nerves

Question 37

where is the transthoracic plane and what does it divide?

Answer 37

it is from the sternal angle to the T4/T5 vertebra...it divides the mediastinum into superior and inferior parts