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November Study Cards > Thorax/Abd Circulation > Flashcards

Thorax/Abd Circulation Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Name unpaired branches off of the abd. aorta

A

Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
Median sacral artery (terminal branch)

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2
Q

Name the branches of the celiac trunk

A

Left gastric
Common hepatic
Splenic

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3
Q

The right gastric artery is a branch of what artery?

A

Common hepatic artery

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4
Q

Which two arteries anastamose around the greater curvature of the stomach?

A

Right gastroepiploic (branch of gastroduodenal) and left gastroepiploic (branch of splenic)

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5
Q

The common hepatic artery gives what branches?

A

Hepatic proper and gastroduodenal

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6
Q

The hepatic artery gives what branches?

A

Right gastric, cystic, right and left hepatic

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7
Q

Where does the pancreas get its arterial supply from?

A

Everywhere-
inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery, splenic artery, inferior pancreatic artery

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8
Q

Branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A 
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
Middle colic
Right colic
Jejunal branches
Ileal branches
Ileocolic
Appendicular (branch of Ileocolic)
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9
Q

Supply from superior/inferior mesenteric arteries

A

SMA- supplies intestines up to the left colic flexure

IMA- supplies descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

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10
Q

Arterial supply of ascending/inferior duodenum

A

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal

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11
Q

Part of the ileum, cecum, and appendix are supplied by what artery?

A

Ileocolic

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12
Q

Arterial supply of ascending colon

A

Right colic artery

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13
Q

Arterial supply of transverse colon

A

Middle colic

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14
Q

Areas supplied by the SMA are drained by which vein?

A

Superior mesenteric vein (to portal drainage)

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15
Q

The arterial supply to the jejunum can be characterized as

A

Long vasa recta

Single layer of arcades

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16
Q

The arterial supply to the ileum can be characterized as

A

Short vasa recta

Multiple layers of arcades

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17
Q

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

A

left colic, sigmoid branches, superior rectal

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18
Q

Where is the critical point in the arterial supply from the IMA?

A

At the superior rectal artery, little or no anastomosis is present for this artery

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19
Q

Where do the suprarenal glands get their arterial supply?

A

Inferior phrenic, branches from renals, and suprarenal

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20
Q

The portal vein is formed by which vessels?

A

Typically the superior mesenteric and splenic veins. The inferior mesenteric vein’s position is more variable, enters close to the juncture.

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21
Q

Anastomoses between the veins of the portal and systemic systems can lead to what in the presence of portal hypertension

A

Varices (esophageal, gastic, anorectal)

Caput medusae (those nasty belly veins) from paraumbilical veins joining systemic veins

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22
Q

What is nutcracker syndrome

A

Compression of the left renal vein between the AA and SMA.

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23
Q

Besides the left renal vein, what other vein can become a problem in nutcracker syndrome?

A

The left testicular/ovarian vein since it commonly drains into the left renal artery

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24
Q

Typically, what does the right coronary artery supply?

A

Right atrium and ventricle

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25
What branches does the RCA give?
SA nodal Marginal Posterior IV AV nodal
26
What portion of the heart does the marginal artery supply?
Inferior margin of the right ventricle
27
What portion of the heart does the posterior IV artery supply?
IV septum, left ventricle, and gives the AV nodal branch
28
The left coronary artery gives rise to what branches?
Anterior IV | Circumflex
29
What area of the heart does the anterior IV artery supply?
Anterior aspects of the right and left ventricles, and primary source of blood for the IV septum and apex.
30
What area of the heart does the circumflex artery supply?
Posterior left atrium and left ventricle. Also gives left marginal branch.
31
What vessels drain into the coronary sinus?
Great, middle, small cardiac veins Oblique vein of the left atrium Posterior vein of the left ventricle
32
Where does the coronary sinus empty into?
Right atrium
33
Where is the coronary sinus located?
On the posterior surface, within the coronary sulcus
34
The great cardiac vein ascends along the anterior IV septum with which artery?
The anterior IV artery
35
The middle cardiac vein runs with which artery?
The posterior IV artery
36
The small cardiac vein runs with which artery?
The right marginal branch
37
Where do the anterior cardiac veins drain to?
Directly into the right atrium
38
Where do the smallest cardiac veins drain?
Directly into the chamber that they are draining
39
Where is the foramen ovale located and what purpose does it serve?
Within the septum secundum Provides an opening to allow a right to left atrial shunt to partial bypass the pulmonary circulation in the fetus
40
Where is the ductus arteriosus located and what purpose does it serve?
Connection between bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk and the aorta Provides right to left shunt from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta, bypassing the fetal pulmonary circulation
41
What does the ductus arteriosus become?
The ligamentum arteriosum, which connects the left pulmonary artery and the aorta
42
What is the function of the ductus venosus and where is it located?
The ductus venosus shunts oxygenated blood from the umbilical vein to the IVC in order to bypass the portal circulation. It joins the left branch of the portal vein and connects it to the IVC.
43
What does the ductus venosus become after birth?
The ligamentum venosum
44
What is carried by the umbilical arteries?
Deoxygenated blood to be carried back to the placenta
45
What becomes of the umbilical arteries after birth?
They become the medical umbilical ligaments
46
What is carried by the umbilical veins?
Oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
47
What becomes of the umbilical veins?
The right is obliterated during development The left becomes the ligamentum ters hepatis
48
Where do the first two intercostal arteries arise from?
The costocervical trunk (from the superior intercostal branch)
49
The esophageal and bronchial arteries are branches of what vessel?
The thoracic aorta
50
The right posterior intercostal arteries must pass over what structure?
Anterior surface of the spine
51
The intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins are located between which two structures
They are deep to the innermost intercostal muscle and superficial to the internal intercostal membrane
52
The first intercostal veins drain into what vessel?
Typically, into the brachiocephalic veins, occasionally they will drain into the superior intercostal veins
53
Intercostal veins 2,3,and 4 drain into what common vessel?
The superior intercostal veins, occasionally the first intercostal veins will also drain into these vessels
54
Intercostal veins 5-11 drain into which vessels?
On the right side they drain into the azygos vein On the left side they drain into the accessory hemiazygos (usually 5-8) and the hemiazygos (usually 8-11)
55
The azygos vein is formed by which vessels?
Right ascending lumbar and the right subcostal veins
56
Where does the azygos vein drain to?
The SVC
57
What are the tributaries of the azygos vein?
Right intercostals, right superior intercostal, hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos
58
What passes through the aortic hiatus?
The aorta, azygos vein, and thoracic duct
59
Where does the thoracic duct begin?
At the cisterna chyli, the confluence of the intestinal, lumbar, and descending intercostal lymph trunks
60
Where does the thoracic duct empty?
The junction of the left IJ and subclavian vessels
61
Origin and termination of sup. epigastric artery
Arises from the internal thoracic artery | Anastomoses with the inf. epigastric within rectus abd.
62
Origin of the inf. epigastric artery
Arises from the external iliac artery
63
The cremasteric a. is a branch of which artery?
Inf. epigastric
64
The superficial (external) pudendal artery is a branch of which artery?
Femoral
65
What provides the arterial supply to the gallbladder?
Cystic artery, branch of right hepatic

November Study Cards (5 decks)

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