Thyroid Disorders Flashcards
(28 cards)
Which thyroid imbalance presents with carpal tunnel syndrome?
Hypothyroidism
What is the diagnosis in a patient with constipation, obesity, voice hoarseness, indurated, cool, dry skin, and pretibial swelling?
Myxedema secondary to hypothyroidism
Which thyroid imbalance presents with puffy facies, generalized nonpitting edema, Periorbital edema, ↓ reflexes/muscle weakness, bradycardia, weight gain, constipation, and menorrhagia ?
Hypothyroidism
What is a common long-term complication of radioactive iodine when treating Graves disease?
Permanent hypothyroidism
What treatment option for Graves disease may be associated with worsening of ophthalmopathy?
Radioactive iodine
Which thyroid disorder is associated with high concentrations of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb)?
Graves disease
Hyperthyroidism, diffuse goiter, exophthalamos and pretibial myxedema is suggestive of:
Graves disease
What is the recommended management for a woman with medically-managed hypothyroidism that desires to get pregnant in the near future?
Increase levothyroxine dose at the time pregnancy is detected
Which two antibodies are associated with Hashimoto thyroiditis?
- Antithyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs)
- Antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs, anti-microsomal)
What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in regions where iodine levels are adequate?
Hashimoto thyroiditis
Patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis have an increased risk for:
Primary thyroid lymphoma
Patient with hypothyroidism presents with hypothermia, hypotension, and coma. You suspect myxedema coma. What is the treatment?
Warmed IVF, warming blankets, and IV T3 + T4
Complications seen in myxedema coma:
- Cardiovascular collapse, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, adrenal insufficiency, and hypothermia/confusion.
What is the treatment of choice for a pregnant patient with hyperthyroidism in the second/third trimester?
Methimazole
Which thioamide is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy and what should be used instead?
- Contraindicated: Methimazole
- Used instead: PTU
What is the appropriate definitive treatment for a patient with severe ophthalmopathy secondary to Graves disease?
Thyroidectomy
What is the level of TSH in a patient with Graves disease?
Decreased
What is the likely diagnosis in an older patient with memory changes, weight gain, fatigue, and constipation?
Hypothyroidism
What is the initial management for an elderly patient with heat intolerance, sweating, and palpitations and a low TSH and high free T3/T4 on laboratory exam?
β-blocker and anti-thyroid drugs
Hyperthyroidism, diffuse goiter, exophthalamos and pretibial myxedema is suggestive of:
Graves disease
A pot-bellied, pale, puffy-faced child with protruding umbilicus, protuberant tongue, and poor brain development is characteristic of:
Congenital hypothyroidism
What is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma?
Papillary carcinoma (80%)
In which cases could hypothyroidism present with decreased TSH levels?
When the disorder originates in the hypothalamus or anterior pituitary (i.e. insufficient TRH or TSH secretion)
Pituitary hormones and the functions that depend on them are usually lost in the following order (from early to late):
GH, LH/FSH, TSH, and ACTH.
