Timeline Of Key Dates Flashcards

1
Q

When was serfdom abolished?

A

1861

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2
Q

When were state banks created?

What did this mean?

A

1860
People of Russia could invest in the future of its economy
Shows willingness to become a great nation

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3
Q

When was the first attempt on Alexander 2nd life?

A

1866

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4
Q

When was Alexander 2nd assassinated?

A

1881

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5
Q

When were the May laws issued?

What did they do?

A

1881 - 82

Targeted Jews

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6
Q

When was the October manifesto issued?

What did it promise?

A

1905

Political reform and civil rights

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7
Q

When were land captains established?

A

1889

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8
Q

When did Alexander 2nd become Tsar?

A

1855

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9
Q

WHat percentage of Russia was literate by 1897?

A

21%

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10
Q

When was the Russo Turkish war

A

The war with turkey was in 1877 - 1878

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11
Q

How much state revenue did Russia have in 1908 in comparison to 1914?

A

2 billion roubles in 1908
4 billion roubles in 1914
Russia’s state revenue doubled in 8 years

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12
Q

What was Russia’s annual production of coal in 1900, 1910 and 1913?

A
  1. 1 million tons in 1900
  2. 8 million tons in 1910
  3. 4 million tons in 1913
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13
Q

When was the Lena gold field massacre?

A

1912

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14
Q

When did the Soviets become popular?
How many members did they have?
What is a soviet?

A

Following the February 1917 revolution
3000 members
A soviet is a council

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15
Q

How many strikes per year was there between 1886 and 1894?

Were these strikes legal?

A

33 illegal strikes per year between 1886 and 1894

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16
Q

How many ex serf owners (nobles) started there own business in Moscow?
How many were employed in transport or industry?
By when was this?

A

By 1882
700 nobles started a business in Moscow
2, 500 were employed in transport or industry

17
Q

When was Russia’s 3rd ‘revolution’?

A

October 1917

18
Q

When was Von Reutern present?

A

1862 - 1878

19
Q

When was Vyshnegradsky present?

A

1881 - 1891

20
Q

Overall how much did grain exports increase under Vyshnegradsky?

A

18%

21
Q

Who was the leader of the Mensheviks?

A

Julios Martov

22
Q

When did the Bolshevik / Menshevik split happen?

A

November 16th 1903

23
Q

What was the Treaty of Riga?

A

Granted independence to Poland

24
Q

When was the Okhrana created?

A

1881

25
Q

What was the NEP?

A

New Economic Policy

Allowed small private enterprises to conduct capitalist methods in business

26
Q

What was the fundamental message of Lenin’s April Theses?

A

Peace, bread and land

27
Q

Who led the black repartition?

A

Plekhanov

28
Q

What was the Nomenklatura?

How were members appointed?

A

A category of people who held key administrative positions in areas such as government, industry, agriculture and education

Positions in the nomenklatura were granted only with approval from the communist party within the region

29
Q

Who was Plekhanov?

A

Leader of the black repartition and Land and Liberty

From exile studied Marxism, this led to the creation of ‘emancipation of labour’ in 1883 - this merged with other socialist groups and formed the social democratic Labour Party in 1898.

In 1903 he became a Menshevik - he never approved of the Bolsheviks

Attracted by populist ideology

Early Russian Marxist

30
Q

Who was Dimitri Milyutin?

How long did he hold his position?

A

Minister of war 1861 - 1881

Believed that not only was serfdom morally wrong, it held the economy back and weakened Russia’s status as a great power

31
Q

What was the apparat?

A

The party administrative system

32
Q

Who were the former people?

A

Dispossessed old elites who had no place in the new society

33
Q

What was the Veshenka?

A

The council responsible for state industry 1917 - 1932

34
Q

What is nationalisation?

A

Taking businesses out of private management and placing them under state control