Tissue

Question 1

What is the abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 1

Body cavity that encompasses the abdominal and pelvic cavities. The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, liver and other associated digestive organs. The pelvic cavity contains the bladder and some reproductive organs.

Question 2

What is the apical surface?

Answer 2

Surface of body organ that faces outwards, towards the surface.

Question 3

What does avascular mean?

Answer 3

Structure that does not contain blood vessels.

Question 4

What is the basal surface?

Answer 4

Surface that forms the base of a body organ.

Question 5

What is cartilage?

Answer 5

Strong form of connective tissue that contains a dense network of collagen and elastic fibres.

Question 6

What is chyme?

Answer 6

A fluid substance consisting of partially digested food and digestive enzymes, which is found travelling through the digestive tract.

Question 7

What is connective tissue?

Answer 7

Tissue that binds, reinforces, insulates, protects and supports structures.

Question 8

What is diffusion?

Answer 8

The movement of particles from areas of high concentration to low concentration.

Question 9

What are endocrine glands?

Answer 9

Glands that release hormones.

Question 10

What is epithelial tissue?

Answer 10

Tissue that lines or covers body surfaces.

Question 11

What are exocrine glands?

Answer 11

Glands that secrete their products externally (i.e. mucus, sweat).

Question 12

What is the extracellular matrix?

Answer 12

A collection of largely non-living substances that separate the living cells of connective tissue.

Question 13

What is a gland?

Answer 13

A structure that manufactures a product (e.g. hormones, mucus, sweat).

Question 14

What are glycoproteins?

Answer 14

Special proteins that contain simple sugar chains. Glycoproteins play an important role in cell-to-cell communication.

Question 15

What are hormones?

Answer 15

Regulatory chemicals released by endocrine glands for use elsewhere in the body (e.g. thyroxine, insulin).

Question 16

What does innervated mean?

Answer 16

Stimulated by nerve cells.

Question 17

What is interstitial fluid?

Answer 17

The fluid that bathes cells.

Question 18

What is keratin?

Answer 18

A special tough fibrous protein found in skin.

Question 19

What are lymph nodes?

Answer 19

Small lymphatic structures that filter lymphatic fluid.

Question 20

What are macrophages?

Answer 20

White blood cells that specialise in the destruction and consumption of invading pathogens.

Question 21

What is a membrane?

Answer 21

A sheet of tissue that covers or lines an area of the body.

Question 22

What is mitosis?

Answer 22

The division and replication of cells.

Question 23

What are neuroglia?

Answer 23

Cells of the nervous system that support and nourish neurones.

Question 24

What is a neurone?

Answer 24

A nerve fibre.

Question 25

What is parenchyma?

Answer 25

The cells that constitute the function part of an organ.

Question 26

What are prophylactic antibiotics?

Answer 26

Antibiotics prescribed to prevent infection.

Question 27

What are oocytes?

Answer 27

Female reproductive cell.

Question 28

What is the spleen?

Answer 28

Large lymph organ, responsible for production of lymphocytes, immune response and the cleansing of blood.

Question 29

What is stroma?

Answer 29

The internal framework of an organ.

Question 30

What does subcutaneous mean?

Answer 30

Underneath the skin.

Question 31

What are vertebrae?

Answer 31

The disc-shaped bones that make up the spinal column.

Question 32

Which of the following epithelial tissues has a single layer of square-shaped cells?

Answer 32

(c) simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 33

Which of the following epithelial tissues structure gives the illusion of multiple layers?

Answer 33

(a) pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 34

Which of the following is not a function of simple epithelium?

Answer 34

(a) protection

Question 35

What is the primary function of transitional epithelium?

Answer 35

(b) stretch

Question 36

Which of the following statements on connective tissue is false?

Answer 36

(b) connective tissue is present only on body surfaces

Question 37

Which fibres ensure that connective tissue is strong and tough?

Answer 37

(a) collagen fibres

Question 38

Which of the following connective tissues stores triglycerides?

Answer 38

(b) adipose tissue

Question 39

Which of the following statements on cartilage is true?

Answer 39

(c) hyaline cartilage is the most abundant in the human body

Question 40

What type of connective tissue is blood an example of?

Answer 40

Liquid

Question 41

What type of tissue is bone an example of?

Answer 41

Connective tissue ## Footnote Bone is considered supportive connective tissue.

Question 42

Which area does not contain mucous membranes?

Answer 42

The pericardium ## Footnote The pericardium is a fibrous sac surrounding the heart.

Question 43

Smooth muscle is characterized as what?

Answer 43

Involuntary and non-striated ## Footnote Smooth muscle is not under conscious control and lacks striations.

Question 44

Which statement about muscle types is true?

Answer 44

Cardiac muscle is found in the heart ## Footnote Cardiac muscle is involuntary and striated.

Question 45

Scar tissue is generated by which type of cells?

Answer 45

Fibroblasts ## Footnote Fibroblasts are responsible for the formation of scar tissue.

Question 46

Which of the following is a type of nerve cell?

Answer 46

Neurone ## Footnote Neurones are the primary functional units of the nervous system.