Tissues Flashcards
1
Q
Which tissue:
-forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters (skin surface)
A
Epithelial
2
Q
Which tissue: supports, protects, binds other tissues together (bones, tendons, fat and other soft padding tissue)
A
Connective
3
Q
Which tissue: contracts to cause movement? (muscles attached to bones, muscles of heart, muscle of walls of hollow organs
A
Muscle
4
Q
Name the types of muscle
A
Smooth, skeletal, and cardiac
5
Q
Which tissue: is responsible for internal communication
A
Nervous (brain, spinal cord, nerves)
6
Q
Which tissue matches these characteristics:
The cells have polarity: apical, lateral, and basal surfaces
A
Epithelial
7
Q
Define Apical surface
A
Upper and free (surfaces may bear microvilli (the border of intestinal lining) or cilia (lining of trachea))
8
Q
Define Basal
A
Lower and attached
9
Q
Does epithelial tissue contain blood vessels?
A
No
10
Q
Does epithelial tissue have a nervous system?
A
No
11
Q
Is epithelial tissue supported by connective tissue reticular lamina?
A
Yes
12
Q
Does epithelial tissue cover the surfaces of the body(external and internal)?
A
Yes
13
Q
Does epithelial tissue have a high rate of regeneration?
A
Yes
14
Q
Is epithelial tissue avascular (lacks a circulatory system)?
A
Yes
15
Q
Which tissue has a high rate of regeneration?
A
Epithelial tissue
16
Q
Are epithelial tissue cells tightly packed?
A
Yes
17
Q
Name the cell junctions:
A
Tight junctions, adherence junctions, gap junction, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes
18
Q
Which junction: zip lock seals intestines?
A
Tight junction
19
Q
Which junction: velcro seals and holds cells together?
A
Adherence junctions
20
Q
Which junction: tunnels for large molecules?
A
Gap junction
21
Q
Which junction: has dots of velcro?
A
Desmosomes
22
Q
Which junction: has dots of velcro?
A
Desmosomes (when the womb needs to expand)
23
Q
Which junction: velcro’s to basement membrane?
A
Hemidesmosomes
24
Q
Which junction: keeps substances from passing between cells?
A
Tight
25
Which junction: allow small molecules and ions to pass through adjacent cells?
Gap
26
Which junction: has mechanical protein links which bind cells together in tissues subject to considerable stretching?
Desmosomes
27
Which junction: has mechanical protein links which bind cells to the basement membrane in most tissue?
Hemidesmosomes
28
How many layers does simple epithelial tissue have?
One
29
Stratified epithelial tissue has _____ layers
More than one
30
Shapes of epithelial cells:
Squamous, columnar, cuboidal
31
Location of simple squamous shaped cells?
Lung alveoli
blood/lymphatic vessels
heart
serous membranes in ventral body cavity
32
Function of simple squamous shaped epithelial cells?
Allows diffusion and filtration of material
33
Location of simple cuboidal shaped cells?
```
Tubules of kidneys
pancreas
thyroid
small glands
ovary
```
34
Function of simple cuboidal shaped cells?
Secretion and absorption
35
-insert image of simple squamous cell-
Simple squamous
36
-insert image of simple cuboidal shaped cell-
Simple cuboidal
37
Location of simple columnar shaped cell?
```
Most of the digestive tract
gall bladder
ducts of some glands
small bronchi
some parts of uterus
```
38
Function of simple columnar?
Absorption
secretion (enzymes, mucus)
propels
39
Location of stratified squamous epithelial cells?
```
non keratinized type:
-skin
-mouth
esophagus
vagina
keratinized type:
epidermis of skin
```
40
Function of stratified squamous epithelial cells?
Protections against mechanical stress and abrasion
41
-insert image of stratified squamous epithelial cell-
Strat. sq. ep
42
-insert image of stratified squamous epithelial cell-
Stratified squamous epithelial
43
Location of Pseudo stratified columnar epithelial cells
trachea/most of the upper respiratory tract
| sperm carrying ducts (non ciliated)
44
Function of pseudo stratified columnar epithelial cells
secretion of mucus
| propulsion of mucus through cilia
45
-insert image of pseudo stratified columnar epithelial cells-
pseudo stratified columnar epithelial cells
46
Transitional epithelial cell location:
Urinary bladder
ureters
urethra
47
Function of transition epithelial cell:
Stretches readily and permits distention
48
What is a gland?
A gland is one or more cells that makes and secretes an aqueous
49
How is glandular epithelia classified?
By the site of PRODUCT RELEASE, ENDOCRINE OR EXOCRINE
| and by the relative number of cells forming the gland-unicellular or multicellular
50
Types of glandular epithelia:
Endocrine glands
exocrine glands
unicellular exocrine glands
multicellular excocrine gland
51
Which gland is: more numerous than endocrine glands,
exocrine
52
Name a unicellular exocrine gland
Goblet cell(resp. tract)
53
Describe multicellular exocrine glands
-composed of a duct and a secretory unit and classified according to duct type or structure
54
Name the two modes of exocrine secretions:
Merocrine and holocrine
55
Does merocrine secrete exostosis?
Yes
56
"Products are secreted by rupture of gland cells" Merocrine or holocrine?
Holocrine
57
"Products are secreted by exocytosis" Merocrine or holocrine?
Merocrine
58
```
Which tissue has: Loose (areolar) connective tissue
Loose (reticular) tissue
adipose
dense (regular and irregular)
cartilage (hyaline, fibro, elastic)
bone
blood?
```
Connective tissue
59
Which junction has weak glycoprotein bonds which assist tight junctions in binding epithelial cells together?
Adherence junctions
60
Which type of glandular epithelia: secrete products into ducts?
Exocrine
61
Which type of glandular epithelia: "secretions released onto body surfaces or into body cavities?
Exocrine
62
Mucous, sweat, oil, and salivary glands are examples of ________ glands
Exocrine
63
Connective tissue, found in tendons, __________
binds tissues together
64
Connective tissue, found in the dermis of skin and membranes, __________ other tissues
Supports and strengthens
65
Connective tissue, found in the skeleton, gives ______ to vital organs
protection
66
Connective tissue, found in the blood, is responsible for _______
Transport
67
Connective tissue, found in FAT, is responsible for ______ and ______ storage
insulation and energy
68
Mature cells found in connective tissue have the suffix:
cysts
69
Mitotically active and secretory cells have the suffix:
blasts
70
Which two types of cells are in cartilage?
Chondroblasts and chondrocytes
71
Osteoblasts and osteocytes are found in _______ (think osteoporosis)
Bone
72
Mesenchyme is another type of ________
Connective tissue
73
_______ gives rise to all other connective tissues
Mesenchyme
74
This type of connective tissue is a gel-like ground substance with fibers and star shaped mesenchymal cells
Mesenchyme
75
Name the three protein fibers of the Matrix
Collagen, Reticular, and elastic fibers
76
The most common protein in the body is ______-
Collagen
77
_______ consists of three wound bands of polypeptides similar to "rope"
Collagen
78
Which protein fiber is very strong and flexible, but cannot stretch?
Collagen
79
Which protein fiber is the strongest?
Collagen
80
Which protein fiber has very fine collagen fibers?
Reticular
81
Which protein fiber is considered "not as significant"?
Reticular
82
Which protein fiber fills the gaps between other connective tissue?
Reticular
83
This protein fiber is shaped like "springs" at the molecular level
Elastic fibers
84
Which protein fiber is capable of distention and compression?
Elastic
85
Which connective tissue consists of elastic and collagen fibers?
Loose (areolar) connective tissue
86
This connective tissue has reticular fibers that support other cells, and is found in lymphoid organs
Loose (reticular) connective tissue
87
This dense connective tissue is found in tendons
Dense collagenous
88
This dense connective tissue is found in blood vessel walls
Dense elastic tissue
89
Is dense collagenous tissue regular or irregular?
both
90
Is dense elastic tissue regular or irregular?
Regular
91
Which connective tissue has SOME reticular fibers, has adipocytes which store fat, and are widely distributed in the body?
Adipose tissue
92
Dense irregular connective tissue is:
Irregularly arranged collagen fibers
93
This connective tissue has SOME elastic fibers, and has a high proportion of fibroblasts?
Dense irregular
94
The function of dense irregular connective tissue is the ability to withstand ________ in many different directions
Tension
95
Which connective tissue provides structural strength?
Dense irregular
96
Which connective tissue is located in the dermis of the skin, in fibrous capsules of organs and joints, and in the submucosa of the digestive tract?
Dense irregular
97
Which connective tissue has a network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance?
Loose Reticular
98
Loose reticular connective tissue is located in the ______ organs
Lymphoid
99
True or false, dense collagenous tissue is found in the skeleton?
False, it is found in tendons, ligaments, and dermis of the skin
100
True or false, dense collagenous tissue has a high proportion of collagen fibers
True
101
True or false, dense collagenous tissue can withstand great stress in ONE direction?
True
102
True or false, dense elastic tissue has fibroblasts that secrete collagen, and ALL FIBERS ARE PARALLEL
True
103
True or false, dense elastic tissue is found in the vocal cords, blood vessel walls, and the stomach
False, not found in the stomach
104
True or false, dense elastic tissue allows the recoil of tissue following stretching
True
105
Cartilage is composed of cells called ______
Chondrocytes
106
Chondrocytes secrete dense, evenly dispersed ______ fibers
collagen
107
________ sit in spaces called ________
chondrocytes, lacunae
108
Cartilage provides ______, _______, and ________
Flexibility, strength, support
109
The three types of ________, ________, and _______
Hyalin, Elastic, Fibrocartilage
110
Which type of cartilage is the most abundant?
Hyalin
111
Which cartilage is found on the ends of long bones(joints), trachea, land larynx?
Hyalin
112
Which cartilage can withstand compression forces?
Hyalin
113
Which cartilage provides support and cushioning properties?
Hyalin
114
Which cartilage has more elastic fibers in the matrix?
Elastic cartilage
115
Which cartilage is the ear and epiglottis?
Elastic
116
Which cartilage can recoil when bent?
Elastic
117
Which cartilage maintains shape and flexibility?
Elastic
118
Which cartilage has thick, visible collagen fibers?
Fibrocartilage
119
Which cartilage is found in the pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, and the meniscus in the knee?
Fibrocartilage
120
Which cartilage can withstand tearing forces and absorb compressive shock?
Fibrocartilage
121
Bone is hard, ___________, with a lot of collagen fibers
calcified matrix
122
Do osteocytes lie in lacunae?
Yes
123
This connective tissue is responsible for support/protection, and stores calcium, minerals, and fat
Bone
124
This connective tissue contains blood cell information
Bone
125
This connective tissue is composed of ____ and ____ cells in plasma
Blood, red and white
126
Blood, a connective tissue, is responsible for the transport of ________ gases, ______, _______, and other substances
Respiratory, nutrients, wastes,
127
Blood, a connective tissue, is found within _______
blood vessels
128
_______ are branching cells
Neurons
129
This tissue is responsible for transmitting electric signals from sensory receptors, and transmitting electrical signals to effectors
Nervous tissue
130
Nervous tissue is located in the _____, ______, and _____.
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
131
Name this type of muscle tissue: "Striated, long cells, multinucleate"
Skeletal
132
Name this type of muscle tissue: "striated, intercalated disks, single nucleolus in each cell"
Cardiac
133
Name this type of muscle tissue: "NO striations, involuntary"
Smooth
134
Serous membranes are a type of __________
epithelial tissue
135
Parietal sores lines the ________
internal body walls
136
Visceral sores cover __________
internal organs
