Tissues and Primary Growth of stems

Question 1

cells that divide for life of plant, can give rise to all plant structures

Answer 1

Meristem

Question 2

Shoot system =

Answer 2

leaves + stem

Question 3

derived from shoot and root apical meristems

Answer 3

primary plant body

Question 4

composed of primary tissues, constitutes the herbaceous parts of a plant

Answer 4

primary plant body

Question 5

derived from meristems other than apical meristems

Answer 5

secondary plant body

Question 6

meristems that are found in plants that exhibit secondary growth

Answer 6

lateral meristems

Question 7

lateral meristems give rise to ________ which are collectively called the secondary plant body

Answer 7

secondary tissues

Question 8

woody plants have two types:

Answer 8

• vascular cambium
• cork cambium

Question 9

– tips of root and
shoot
– increase in height

Answer 9

Apical Meristem

Question 10

– cylinders within
plant body
– increase in width

Answer 10

Lateral Meristem

Question 11

Three Basic Types of Plant Cells and Tissues Based on Cell Wall

Answer 11

• Parenchyma
• Collenchyma
• Sclerenchyma

Question 12

Thin, primary walls. Typically alive at maturity.
Many functions

Answer 12

Parenchyma

Question 13

Unevenly thickened primary walls. Typically alive
at maturity. Provide plastic support

Answer 13

Collenchyma

Question 14

-Primary walls plus secondary walls. Many dead at
maturity. Provide elastic support and some
(tracheary elements) are involved in water
transport

Answer 14

Schlerenchyma

Question 15

more or less isodiametric; often dead at maturity

Answer 15

sclereids

Question 16

long; many types are dead, other types remain alive and involved in storage

Answer 16

fibers

Question 17

long and narrow with tapered ends; contains no perforations. Dead at maturity. Found in all vascular plants

Answer 17

tracheids

Question 18

short and wide with rather perpendicular walls; must contains one or two perforations

Answer 18

vessel elements

Question 19

transports sugars and other items

Answer 19

phloem

Question 20

mainly consists of dead cells that have primary and secondary cell walls which provide support

Answer 20

schlerenchyma

Question 21

transports water and minerals through vessel elements and tracheids, which are dead at maturity and have primary and secondary walls

Answer 21

xylem

Question 22

are unspecialized cells that carry out most of a plant’s metabolism

Answer 22

parenchyma

Question 23

parenchyma cells within chloroplasts are called ________

Answer 23

chlorenchyma cells

Question 24

function of parenchyma

Answer 24

stores and assimilates food, store waste products like tannin, gums and resin

Question 25

function of collenchyma

Answer 25

provides mechanical support, manufacture sugar and starch

Question 26

arrangement of leaves on the stem

Answer 26

phyllotaxy

Question 27

# true or false In order to function properly, a tissue and tissues of an organ must contain the right cells in the proper arrangement. In order to function properly, the tissues of an organ must be arranged correctly

Answer 27

true

Question 28

microscopic pores found on the lower epidermis of the leaf

Answer 28

stomata

Question 29

specialized cells that are used to control gas exchange; are produced in pairs with a gap between them that forms a stomatal pore

Answer 29

guard cells

Question 30

# true or false when guard cells are swollen, the stoma closes

Answer 30

false | when guard cells are swollen, the stoma opens

Question 31

# true or false when guard cells are shrunken, the stoma closes

Answer 31

true

Question 32

epidermal cells that elongated outwards

Answer 32

Trichomes

Question 33

chemicals that compose collenchyma

Answer 33

pectin

Question 34

special property of collenchyma

Answer 34

plasticity

Question 35

special property of schlerenchyma

Answer 35

strength, waterproofing

Question 36

special property of epidermis

Answer 36

waterproofing; indigestible by bacteria, fungi, and animals

Question 37

chemicals in epidermis

Answer 37

cutin/waxes

Question 38

chemical in schlerenchyma

Answer 38

lignin

Question 39

chemicals in endodermis

Answer 39

suberin, lignin

Question 40

chemicals in cork (in bark)

Answer 40

suberin

Question 41

conducts sugar and water to areas where it is needed

Answer 41

phloem

Question 42

Three Types of Plant Tissue

Answer 42

* vascular tissue * ground tissue * dermal tissue

Question 43

tissue for synthesis of sugars, storage and support

Answer 43

ground tissue

Question 44

tissue for transport and support

Answer 44

vascular tissue

Question 45

tissue for protection

Answer 45

dermal tissue

Question 46

increases girth

Answer 46

secondary plant body

Question 47

primary parts of a plant

Answer 47

stem, roots, leaves

Question 48

outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant, lying below the epidermis but outside of the vascular bundles

Answer 48

cortex

Question 49

a small zone at the center of the stem, consisting of parenchyma cells and originating as a primary tissue from the ground meristem

Answer 49

pith