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Chemistry Drugs > Tobacco > Flashcards

Tobacco Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

how many deaths has smoking tobacco caused?

A

400,000

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2
Q

How many Canadians are addicted to tobacco

A

20%

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3
Q

How many people in BC smoke tobacco?

A

16%

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4
Q

How many people in quebec smoke tobacco?

A

21%

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5
Q

how many people in nunavut smoke tobacco?

A

60%

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6
Q

On Novemeber 12, 1492 _______ noticed the Natives doing something strange…

A

Columbus

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7
Q

What is the origin of tobacco?

A

trinidad and tobago

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8
Q

Main ingredient?

A

nicotine

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9
Q

Who introduced tobacco to France?

A

Jean Nicot

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10
Q

What was nicotine originally used as?

A

medicine

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11
Q

What’s a tobacco resusicator (1774)

A

for reviving people who were “apparently dead”

- used for those who drowned

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12
Q

Tobacco can be…

A

smoked

  • tobacco houses || social events
  • not inhaled! - too harsh
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13
Q

Tobacco can be…

A

Snuffed

  • popular with women
  • pushed up the nostrils
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14
Q

Tobacco can be…

A

chewed

  • popular until 1900s
  • Spitting world record: 25ft and 10”
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15
Q

Tobacco can be…

A

Cigarettes

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16
Q

La cometa

A
  • first representation of someone smoking a cigarette

- cigarettes were very expensive because they were rolled by hand

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17
Q

Crimean war: 1853-1856

A
  • Turkey

- Smoking the cigarettes was popular amongst the soldiers

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18
Q

Bonsack machine: 1880

A
  • cigarettes could be rolled mechanically now

- 2000 cigarettes/minute

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19
Q

What was the effect of the bonsack machine?

A
  • it made cigarettes cheaper

- which resulted in an increase in smoking population

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20
Q

Early 1900s how did people smoke?

A

toasted the leaves so that the smoke became less harsh

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21
Q

During WWI how did smoking companies advertise?

A

send your soldiers a pack of cigarettes

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22
Q

On December 25, 1918

A

soldiers stopped firing and started singing christmas songs together

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23
Q

Number of smokes in the late 1800s

A

50 cigarettes/year

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24
Q

Number of cigarettes sold today

A

10,000 cigarettes/year

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25
What's in a cigarette
4,800 chemicals 400 toxic 40 carcinogens
26
Why do people smoke?
in the short term... they do it for the nicotine
27
How much nicotine do you need to be addicted?
2mg
28
What can you substitute this nicotine to cure the addiction?
nicorette
29
How does nicotine work?
nicotine has a dual effective on the central neural system
30
At low doses, nicotine _____ the central neural system
STIMULATES - short small puff - activates Ach receptors - dopamine also involved
31
High doses of nicotine ______ the central neural system
DEPRESSES - for relaxation - long large puff - blocks Ach receptor
32
Ach receptor??
acetylcholine receptors
33
nicotine can also be used as a ...
pescticide
34
Whats the lethal dose of nicotine?
60 mg
35
How much nicotine does a cigar have?
120 mg
36
Why are cigars not lethal?
because you aren't eating the cigar you're only smoking it
37
Who was Sigmund Freud?
A famous cigar smoker - died of cancer
38
Is it true that smoking is closely related to lung cancer?
no... the actual disease that smoking causes is HEART DISEASE
39
what does smoking do to you?
- decreased oxygen uptake - increased heart rate and blood pressure - increased arterial wall injuries - increased blood clotting
40
Who was Lou Gerrig
a smoker and an athlete
41
Nicotine
increases heart rate
42
CO
decreases O2 saturation -> feel short of breath
43
Facial expressions during smoking?
deeper wrinkles
44
what else causes more wrinkles?
narrower/clogged arteries
45
Alton Ochsner - 1919
first noticed the effects of tobacco on lung disesase
46
___ cancer is the #1 killer in men and women
Lung
47
Death rate due to lung cancer for men is...
decreasing
48
death rate due to lunch cancer for women is...
increasing
49
When did women mostly start smoking?
in the 30s
50
why did women start smoking more?
due to a conference held by phillip morris teaching women how to smoke
51
back then how many deaths due to smoking?
400
52
now: how many deaths are due to smoking?
150,000 cases
53
Why do women smoke?
- keep the weight down | - popular with models
54
why does smoking relate to losing weight?
- food doesn't look as good when you smoke - your tastebuds are destroyed by smoking - nicotine affects your metablic rate - smoking increases metabolic rate
55
Second hand smoking is
inhaled, passive smoking
56
1999 June QC legislation
banned smoking in public areas
57
2006 June QC legislation
banned smoking in bars and restuarants
58
elimination of designated smoking rooms
Quebec 2008
59
culture of smoking died after what?
increase in prices of cigarettes
60
Light cigarette
different filter, maybe with lower nicotine/tar | - smokers just smoke more of it thought so it has the same effect
61
how much is spent on advertising?
$6 billion/year
62
Smokers aged 15-19 in Canada
14%
63
somkers aged 15-19 in Quebec
20%
64
1994: CEOs of tobacco companies testified that nicotine was...
not addicitve
65
In 1998 US states sued tobacco companies for medical expenses, they were forced to pay...
$204 billion over 25 years
66
Quebec sued the highest amount for medical expenses. how much?
$60 billion
67
in 1988 canada put a ban on..
smoking ads - companies had to show warning signs
68
the 1988 law was lifted in
1995, but hazard signs were still required
69
in 1997: bill C74
limited adverisiting, promotion, sponsorhip for tobacco companies
70
despite all of these laws, tobacco companies still made a profit. how?
smokers were displaced - CHINA
71
How many canadians die every year because of tobacco?
40,000
72
Does tobacco kill more than AIDS, alcohol, cocaine, hoicide and suicide combined per year?
yeah
73
how much nicotine does the nicorette table contan
2mg... which is the same as a cigarette so basically the same addictive level just without the smoke
74
what percent of our population today are smokers?
20%
75
how people in China smoke?
350 million smokers
76
Is a hookah safer?
no because you're just inhaling more smoke
77
how does an e-cigarette work?
- no nicotine - warms up different substances - its just to cure that need of having something in your hand - not really effective
78
How to quit:
zyban can help
79
whats zyban
an antidepressant that may help with quitting smoking
80
side effect of zyban
can cause heart arrythmia
81
what definitely works during the process of quitting?
nicorette gum: 2-4 mg of nicotine | nicotine patch slow release
82
how much does a nicotine patch slow release release?
23 mg over 24 hrs
83
things that don't work
SNUS: powder put under tongue/upper lip
84
things that don't work
laser therapy
85
things that don't work
acupuncture

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