TODDLER AND PRESCHOOL

Question 1

toddler age

Answer 1

1 to 3 years of age

Question 2

preschool age

Answer 2

4-5 years of age

Question 3

cognitive focus for 2-4 year olds

Answer 3

preoperational, preconceptual- one thing at a time

Question 4

cognitive focus for 4-7 year old

Answer 4

preoperational, intuitive/causation- morals

Question 5

psychosocial focus for toddlers

Answer 5

autonomy

Question 6

psychosocial focus for preschoolers

Answer 6

initiative

Question 7

up to what age do you check anthropometrics?

Answer 7

up to 2 years old

Question 8

what age do you check height, weight and BP

Answer 8

starting at 3 years and yearly

Question 9

when do fontanelle disappear?

Answer 9

by 18 months

Question 10

toddler visit schedule

Answer 10

12, 15, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months

Question 11

preschool visit schedule

Answer 11

3,4, and 5 years

Question 12

chest and head are equal by age ___; chest eventually grows 5cm>head by the end of this period

Answer 12

1

Question 13

Genu varum

Answer 13

Bowed legs, normal variant in toddlerhood, wide based gait

Question 14

genu valgum

Answer 14

knock-knees, normal variant in preschooler

Question 15

gross Motor skills at 2 years

Answer 15

up and down steps, kicks ball without falling, runs with wide gait

Question 16

gross motor skills at 3 years

Answer 16

hops at 3.5 years, rides a tricycle

Question 17

gross motor skills at 4 years

Answer 17

up and down stairs with alternating feet, rides a bicycle with training wheels

Question 18

gross motor skills at 5 years

Answer 18

skips, jumps rope, plays ball

Question 19

fine motor skills at 2 years

Answer 19

tower of 8 cubes, turns a doorknob

Question 20

fine motor skills at 3 years

Answer 20

copies a circle, builds a tower

Question 21

fine motor skills at 4 years

Answer 21

draws a person with 4-6 parts, tower of 10 blocks

Question 22

fine motor skills at 5 years

Answer 22

copies a square, copies multiple shapes, prints letters, ties shoes

Question 23

visual acuity 20/30

Answer 23

by age 5

Question 24

Language development by age 2

Answer 24

up to 50 word vocal, can follow 2 step command, talks constantly

Question 25

language development by age 3

Answer 25

up to 900 word vocal

Question 26

language development by age 4

Answer 26

can understand phrases and simple analogies

Question 27

language development by age 5

Answer 27

vocabulary >2000 words, uses sentences regularly, knows at least 4 colors

Question 28

type of play for toddlers

Answer 28

onlooker and parallel play

Question 29

type of play for preschoolers

Answer 29

associative, cooperative, dramatic, physical play

Question 30

age to introduce spoons

Answer 30

between 15 and 17 months of age

Question 31

age of first dental exam

Answer 31

1 year

Question 32

sleep routine for toddlers

Answer 32

sleeps 10-12 hours per night with daily naps

Question 33

age nightmares and night terrors

Answer 33

nightmares begin around age 3- can recall | night terrors occur between 2-6 years, most outgrow as they get older

Question 34

physiologic and psychological readiness age for toilet training

Answer 34

1.5 to 2.5 years

Question 35

average age of daytime control for toilet training

Answer 35

achieved by 2 years, nighttime lags by 1 year

Question 36

developmental warning signs at 1 year

Answer 36

is not imitating sounds, is not pulling to standing, is not indicating desires by point. gesture

Question 37

developmental warning signs by 18 months

Answer 37

does not make eye contact, does not feed self with spoon

Question 38

developmental warning signs at 2 years

Answer 38

is not walking up stairs, is not using 2-3 word sentences, is not noticing cars, animals, is initiating self-stimulation behaviors

Question 39

developmental warning signs at 3 years

Answer 39

is not aware of external environment, cannot ride a tricycle, does not follow simple direction, continues baby talk, does not imitate adult activities

Question 40

developmental warning signs at 4 years

Answer 40

does not listen to a story, does not speak in sentences, engages in head banging or rocking, is mot toilet trained, does not draw a human figure

Question 41

developmental warning signs at 5 years

Answer 41

magical thinking is still dominant, there is no impulse control

Question 42

When to refer a child with stuttering

Answer 42

stuttering lasts >6months, child older than 6 yo, child avoids speaking

Question 43

Definition and types of autism spectrum disorders

Answer 43

altered response to environmental stimuli and impaired social interactions. Types: Autistic disorder, aspergers syndrome, Retts disorder, and childhood disintegrative disorder

Question 44

Autistic disorder

Answer 44

marked abnormal or impaired development in social interaction usually noted within the first year of life, a greatly restrictive repertoire of activity and interests, may exhibit language delay

Question 45

asperger's syndrome

Answer 45

severe and sustained impairment in social interaction, development of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities, may exhibit obsessive compulsive tendencies, no language delay or clinically significant delays in language acquisition

Question 46

DSM-IV-TR requirement for a Pervasive Development Disorder Diagnosis

Answer 46

6 total behaviors from 3 categories (motor, language, communication and social)

Question 47

behavior checklists used in screening for PDD

Answer 47

Autism behavior checklist, checklist for autism in toddlers (CHAT) and Modified checklist for autism in toddlers (MCHAT)