topic 1

Question 1

Axial Skeleton

Answer 1

Skull, ribs, sternum, Cervical V 7, Thoracic V 12, Lumbar V 5, Sacral 5 (fused), Coccyx 4 (fused)

What the rest of the body is attached to

Question 2

Function of axial skeleton

Answer 2

Protect bones, Store minerals, Attatchment, support and movement

Question 3

Inferior

Answer 3

Away from the head

Question 4

Superior

Answer 4

Towards the head

Question 5

Proximal

Answer 5

(Reffers only to limbs) Closer to the attatchment of limbs

Question 6

Distal

Answer 6

Further away from the attatchment of limbs

Question 7

Posterior

Answer 7

Back of the body

Question 7

Medial

Answer 7

Towards the midline of the body

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Away from the midline of the body

Question 9

Anterior

Answer 9

Front of the body

Question 10

Types of bones

Answer 10

Long (Femur Humerous, metacarpals and phalanges), flat (ribs and cranium), irregular ( vertebrae), short (carpals, tarsals)

Question 11

Joint

Answer 11

Where two or more bones articulate

Question 12

Gliding Joing

Answer 12

Carpals and tarsals Wrists, ankle: up, down, left, right, diagonal

Question 13

Ball and socket

Answer 13

shoulder, hip: Medial and lateral rotation

Question 14

Pivot joint

Answer 14

Wrists, radioulnar joint, ankle: rotation of a bone around another

Question 15

Hinge joint

Answer 15

elbow, knee: one axis, extension and flexion (no rotation)

Question 16

Condyloid joint

Answer 16

Wrists, elbows: flexion, extension

Question 17

Saddle joint

Answer 17

Thumb, Thorax, heel, ear: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

Question 18

Synovial joints

Answer 18

Lots of movement

Question 19

Fibrons

Answer 19

No movement (cranium, coccyx

Question 20

Cartilagenons joints

Answer 20

little movement (between lumbar V

Question 21

Connective tissue (cartilage)

Answer 21

Buffer and absorb shock

Question 21

Connective tissue (Ligaments)

Answer 21

Connect bones to bones

Question 21

Connective tissue (Tendons)

Answer 21

Connect muscles with bones

Question 22

Smooth muscle

Answer 22

Contracts without voluntary action, walls of internal organs, in the veins pushes back blood, not striated

Question 23

Cardiac muscle

Answer 23

Stiated muscle, walls of the heart, involuntary

Question 24

skeletal muscle

Answer 24

All over the body, voluntary, striated

Question 25

Insertion

Answer 25

Attatchment of a muscle tendon to a moveable bone

Question 25

Origin

Answer 25

Attatchment of a muscle tendon to a stationary bone

Question 26

Synovial membrane

Answer 26

reduces friction through lubrification

Question 27

Bursae

Answer 27

Cushion between ligaments

Question 27

Meniscus

Answer 27

Reduces friction

Question 28

Ligament

Answer 28

connects bone to bone, gives joint stability

Question 29

Articular capsule

Answer 29

Supports joints

Question 30

Articular cartilage

Answer 30

Provides a smooth, lubricated surface for low friction articulation and facilitates the trasmission of loads with low friction coefficient

Question 31

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 31

Pectoral girdle (ilium, ischium and pubis), femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges facilitates movement of the body, Store minerals, Attatchment, support

Question 32

Outline the general characteristics common to muscle tissue

Answer 32

contractility: ability of muscle cells to forcibly shorten Extensibility: ability of muscle to be stretched Elasticity: ability to return to its original state after being stretched excitability: ability of a muscle to respond to stimuli Atrophy: diminish in diameter Hypertrophy: grow in diameter Controlled by nerve stimuli and fed by capillaries

Question 33

Draw and annotate Long bone

Answer 33

Epiphysis Spongy bone Diaphysis articular cartilage compact bone bone marrow marrow cavity blood vessel periosteum

Question 34

Annotate the skeletal muscle

Answer 34

Epimysium perimysium endomysium muscle fibre myofibril sarcomere actin myosin

Question 35

Synovial fluid

Answer 35

lubrification and nutrition

Question 36

Wack a bone and poke a muscle study