Topic 1 Intro Flashcards
(26 cards)
Anatomy
The study of body structures abs the relationships among them
Physiology
The study of how the body works and its functions
Levels of organization
1.Chemical
2.Cellular
3.Tissue
4.Organs
5.Organ Systems
6.Human Organs
Chemical Level
Atoms - Molecules
Protein, DNA , Sucrose
Cell Level
Epithelial Cell, Neuron, Smooth muscle cell
Tissue Level
Epithelial tissue, Nervous tissue, Smooth muscle tissue
Organ level
Bladder, Brain, Stomach
Organ System Level
Urinary system, Nervous , Digestive
Organism Level
Human
Integumentary System
Provides protection, regulates temp, prevents water loss, and helps produce vitamin D. Consists of skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands
Skeletal System
Provides protection and support, allows body movements, produces blood cells, and stores minerals and adipose.Consists of bones, associated cartilages, ligaments, and joints.
Muscular System
Produces body movements, maintains posture and produces body heat. Consists of muscles attached to the skeletons by tendons.
Nervous System
A major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions. Consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and sensory receptors.
Endocrine System
A major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth and reproduction, and many other functions. Consists of glands, such as the pituitary, that secrete hormones.
Cardiovascular System
Transports nutrients, waste product, gases, and hormones throughout the body; plays a role in the immune response and the regulation o father body temperature. Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and the blood.
Lymphatic System
Removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue fluid balance, and absorbs dietary fats from the digestive tract. Consists of the lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphatic organs.
Respiratory System
Exchanges oxygen and coat on dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood pH. Consists of the lungs and respiratory passages.
Digestive systems
Breakdown foods, Nutrient absorption, elimination of waste.
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, accessory organs
Urinary System
Production, storage, and elimination of urine. Regulates blood volume, Acid/Base Balance. Regulates RBC production.
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra
Reproductive Sysytem
Production of offspring
Gonads and associated organs
Homeo stasis
Similar State of balance/equilibrium
Ability of the body to maintain a relatively stable internal environment in response to a changing external environment
Goal for all the systems
Control of Homeostasis feedback loops
Receptor, Control Center, Effector
Receptor
Afferent Pathway-sends input to the control center
Control Center
Evaluates the input and keeps things within normal ranges
Efferent Pathway - pathway to send output if values are outside the normal range
