topic 1 ( midterm 2)

Question 1

behavior modification

Answer 1

field of psych concerned with analyzing and modifying behavior. (increase and decrease in a particular behavior)

Question 2

measurable dimensions of behavior

Answer 2

frequency, duration, intensity, latency

Question 3

frequency

Answer 3

how many times a behavior occurs

Question 4

duration

Answer 4

how long a behavior continues to occur

Question 5

intensity

Answer 5

how strongly a behavior occurs

Question 6

latency

Answer 6

how long a behavior occurs

Question 7

characteristics of behavior

Answer 7

behavior has measurable terms, behavior can be observed and recorded, behavior impacts the environment (physical or social), behavior is lawful, behavior can be both overt and covert

Question 8

target behavior

Answer 8

behavior you want to change

Question 9

behavioral excess

Answer 9

undesirable behavior you want to decrease

Question 10

behavioral deficit

Answer 10

desirable behavior you want to increase

Question 11

experimental analysis of behavior

Answer 11

aka behavioral analysis. the scientific study of behavior.

Question 12

applied behavior analysis

Answer 12

the scientific study of behavior to help change that behavior

Question 13

law of effect

Answer 13

if a response is followed by a satisfying event, the S-R connection is strengthened. If a response is followed by an unsatisfying event, the S-R connection is weakened

Question 14

behavior assessment

Answer 14

measure the target behavior of a given situation. Useful before, during, and after implementation of a treatment

Question 15

indirect assessment

Answer 15

measuring target behaviors with interviews, questionnaires, and/or rating scales after the fact. requires individuals to recall behavior

Question 16

direct assessment

Answer 16

target behavior is measured as it occurs. observer can be person engaging in the behavior , someone else, or a recording device.

Question 17

self monitoring.

Answer 17

client is trained to observe their own target behavior

Question 18

operational definition

Answer 18

description that specifies exactly how a term will be measured

Question 19

characteristics of a good operational definition

Answer 19

must be precise and quantifiable, objective and unambiguous, practical and useful, should not reference internal states

Question 20

independent observer

Answer 20

someone besides the person exhibiting the target behavior

Question 21

remote monitoring

Answer 21

recording device

Question 22

structured observation period

Answer 22

involve arranging for specific events or situation to occur

Question 23

unstructured observation period

Answer 23

simply observe behavior as it occurs with out intervention

Question 24

continuous recording

Answer 24

document every instance of the target behavior during the observation period

Question 25

sample recording

Answer 25

aka discontinuous recording. document some of the occurrences of the target behavior

Question 26

interval recording

Answer 26

record whether the target behavior occurs within certain time intervals

Question 27

partial interval recording

Answer 27

document if target behavior occurred during any part of the interval

Question 28

whole interval recording

Answer 28

document if the target behavior occurs during the entire interval

Question 29

frequency within interval recording

Answer 29

document frequency of the target behavior with in consecutive intervals of time in observation period

Question 30

time sample recording

Answer 30

divide observation period into intervals of time but only observe the behavior during part of each interval. (periods of observation separated by times of no observation)

Question 31

product recording

Answer 31

aka permanent product recording. record tangible outcomes/products that result from the occurrence of the behavior. Not a direct observation of the behavior itself

Question 32

natural settings

Answer 32

places in which the target behaviors normally occur. more representative sample of observation period

Question 33

artificial settings/ analogue

Answer 33

places that are not a part of normal daily routines. more controlled environment

Question 34

reactivity

Answer 34

when a person's behavior changes as a result of that behavior being observed

Question 35

interobserver agreement (IOA)

Answer 35

is the behavior being recorded consistently . i.e., 2+ observers record the same data

Question 36

A-B design

Answer 36

one baseline and one treatment phase.

Question 37

A-B-A-B reversal design

Answer 37

A-B design but then remove treatment and go back to baseline. Implement treatment again.

Question 38

multiple baseline designs

Answer 38

multiple baseline subjects, behaviors, or settings

Question 39

multiple baseline subjects

Answer 39

2+ subjects with the same target behavior. treatment is staggered over time across subjects

Question 40

multiple baseline behaviors

Answer 40

2+ behaviors of the same subject. Treatment is staggered across behaviors

Question 41

multiple baseline settings

Answer 41

2+ settings with same target behavior and same subject. treatment staggered across settings.

Question 42

alternating treatment designs

Answer 42

baseline/ treatment implemented on alternating days or sessions, for the same amount of time

Question 43

changing criterion designs

Answer 43

target behavior is gradually modified by progressively changing the criteria for reinforcement

Question 44

functional assessment

Answer 44

goal is to determine why a problem behavior occurs or why a desired behavior does not occur.

Question 45

steps of functional assessment

Answer 45

1. identify target behaviors 2. initiate data collection 3. complete functional assessment 4. develop and implement functional treatment 5. evaluate effectiveness and implementation fidelity

Question 46

antecedents

Answer 46

stimuli that alter the current probability of a behavior

Question 47

consequence

Answer 47

strengthen or weaken a behavior and how likely it is to occur in the future.

Question 48

exploratory functional analysis

Answer 48

test a range of possible functions. No clear hypothesis about functions, test condition for each function, 1 control condition for all functions, identifies functions and rules out other functions

Question 49

hypothesis testing functional analysis

Answer 49

test hypothesis from descriptive assessment. Have a clear hypothesis from indirect and direct assessment, test and control conditions for 1 function, identifies function, does not rule out other functions.