topic 2 (midterm 2) Flashcards
learning
an enduring or durable change in behavior or mental processes due to experience. relatively permanent
innate
something inborn or naturally occurring
reflex
stimulus response relationship which is either learned or innate and indicates behavior that happens automatically
elicited behavior
occurs in response to environmental stimulus . has adaptive value (ex. eye blink reflex)
modal action patterns (MAP)
species typical response patterns or “instincts”; genetically programmed. A sequence of behaviors, not a single action.
eliciting stimuli
stimuli that initiates the modal action pattern
sign stimulus
aka releasing stimulus. features necessary to elicit a response
supernormal stimulus
exaggerated sign stimulus that elicits more vigorous response
event-alone learning
habituation and sensitization. (repeated stimulation can alter the magnitude of behavioral response)
habituation
process by which we respond less strongly over time to repeated stimuli. Highly specific to the stimulus producing it.
sensory adaptation
reduction in sensitivity of the sense organs caused by repeated stimulation
fatigue
decrease in behavior due to repeated or excessive use of muscles.
sensitization
increase in the strength of a response to a repeated stimulus. Not specified to one stimulus
event- event learning
classical/respondent/ Pavlovian conditioning
classical conditioning
form of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to signal the occurrence of a 2nd stimulus.
association
a relationship between 2 stimuli
acquisition
time while an association is being learned
unconditioned stimulus
biologically significant stimulus that already has a response associated with it.
unconditioned response
response naturally associated with the unconditioned stimulus
neutral stimulus
a stimulus that does not naturally elicit a response
conditioned stimulus
previously neutral stimulus that comes to elicit a conditioned response
conditioned response
learned response to a conditioned stimulus
behavior event learning
operant conditioning
Thorndike’s law of effect
if a response , in presence of a stimulus , is followed by reward, bond between stimulus and response is strengthened. If it is followed by punishment, bond between stimulus an response is weakened.
