Topic 1: Pandemic (IQ1-IQ4) Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the WHO definition of health?
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.
What factors influence health?
Genetics, lifestyle choices, environment, healthcare access, and education.
What is the difference between disease and illness?
Disease is a diagnosable condition; illness is the experience of symptoms.
What are infectious diseases?
Diseases caused by pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites).
How does the body defend itself against infectious diseases?
Through physical barriers (skin), white blood cells, antibodies, and the immune system.
What is the role of vaccines?
Vaccines train the immune system to recognize and destroy pathogens.
What is herd immunity?
When a large portion of the population is immune, reducing spread.
What are examples of infectious diseases?
Influenza, COVID-19, measles, tuberculosis.
How have antibiotics impacted health?
They treat bacterial infections and have reduced death rates.
Name a technological advancement in disease diagnosis.
PCR testing for detecting viral genetic material.
How has technology improved treatment?
Telehealth, robotic surgery, vaccine development, and improved hygiene practices.
What are non-infectious diseases?
Diseases not caused by pathogens; they include genetic, environmental, and lifestyle-related illnesses.
Examples of non-infectious diseases?
Diabetes, cancer, asthma, cardiovascular disease.
How does the body respond to non-infectious diseases?
Through long-term management, lifestyle changes, or medical treatment (e.g., insulin for diabetes).
How can society reduce non-infectious disease rates?
Health education, promoting exercise and healthy diets, laws limiting tobacco and alcohol use.
