Where were the Spanish colonies located in North America? [3]

- Florida- Canada- New Mexico(now parts of Texas, Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming).

Where were the French colonies located in North America? [3]

- The Mississipi Valley- Canada- Louisiana

Topic 1: The Development of British Hegemony In America Flashcards by Elyas Efthimiou

Which 3 main settlements did North America contain by 1750?

British colonies, Spanish colonies, and French colonies

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Where were British colonies found?

Along the Atlantic Coast.

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Where were the Spanish colonies located in North America? [3]

Florida - Canada - New Mexico(now parts of Texas, Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Wyoming).

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Where were the French colonies located in North America? [3]

The Mississipi Valley - Canada - Louisiana

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Where were the British colonies located in North America?

Along the Eastern Seaboard

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How many British colonies were there by 1750?

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State 2 characteristics of Spanish colonies in North America by 1750.

They had a relatively small population, and they had little population growth. - They had many isolated outposts. - They were ruled as part of the Spanish Empire by Viceroys. - There was limited economic prosperity.

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State 2 characteristics of French colonies in North America by 1750.

They were essentially based on fur trade and missionary activity. - Ruled directly from France - Not as rapid population expansion as British colonies, but more than that of Spanish colonies.

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State 2 characteristics of British colonies in North America by 1750.

The British colonies underwent rapid population growth. - They were far more diverse than the Spanish and French colonies. - They had developed self-government and higher levels of prosperity.

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What was government like in Spanish and French colonies in North America by 1750?

Very scarce; They had almost no representation.

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What was government like in British colonies in North America by 1750? [3]

They had representative assemblies. - These local parliaments could be overruled by British governors - They had a restricted franchise; Women and enslaved people(20% of the total population) as well as 50% of the white male population didn’t vote for the assemblies. - There were more democratic ideas and seeds of economic prosperity by starting businesses and owning land.

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What was freedom like in British colonies in North America by 1750? [3]

9 colonies were ruled by Crown-appointed Governors - Georgia and Pennsylvania remained the property of their founders. - Rhode Island and Connecticut elected their own ambassadors. - Britain hardly interfered and even neglected the colonies; there was little attempt to tax or impose law on trade in the colonies. - Enslaved people made up a large amount of the workforce and had very little freedom, especially in the South.

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What was economic life like in the colonies in North America by 1750? [4 or 5]

There were no substantial cities in New Spain. - Quebec and New Orleans were important settlements in French North America. - Around 85% of the population lived and worked in the countryside; British colonies generally had better developed farms. - Population growth in British colonies was massive (300,000 in 1700 to over 2 million in 1775). - British colonies were more diverse economically; Arable farming in the North, with tobacco, rice, indigo, and cotton in the Middle and Southern colonies. - French were active traders, especially in furs. - Small-scale manufacturing going on in British colonies, as well as exports.

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What was religion and culture like in the colonies in North America by 1750? [2]

French and Spanish areas were predominantly Catholic with a few French Protestants. - British colonists were Anglican, Presbyterian, Congregationalist, Quaker, Catholic, and sometimes Jewish. - Many were not religious despite the Great Awakening (1730-40s). - Education was better in British colonies due to schools and colleges and Englightenment thinkers from Europe and the colonies (such as Benjamin Franklin).

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What was expansion like in the colonies in North America by 1750? [2]

There was a great desire for expansion among the colonists, causing conflict. - Spanish expansion into Nebraska was halted by the French in 1720. - British and Spanish colonies clashed in Florida, and British and French clashed on territorial borders. - The rapid population growth in British colonies brought a lot of pressure to expand Westward, leading to conflict with the Native Americans.

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Which colony was the first British colony in North America, and when was it established?

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Virginia, 1607.

Name the New England colonies. [4]

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New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.

Name the Middle Colonies. [4]

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New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware.

Name the Southern Colonies. [5]

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Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia.

How did British influence also extend into Canada? (Bonus: Which year?)

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Through the Hudson Bay Company, which had been incorporated by charter in 1670.

Where else did Britain have numerous holdings? Why were these useful?

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Britain was also settled in the Caribbean and in Jamaica, which would be of good strategic use in the American Revolution later.

What were the economic differences between the British colonies and the French colonies in North America? How did this lead to conflict? (Hint: Natives) [2+1]

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The French colonies were the economic interior of America, controlling the trade of furs and fish. This brought them into close relations with the Natives. - Meanwhile the British, focusing on farming mainly tobacco as well as indigo, cotton, and rice, therefore had worse relations with the Natives. <> This led to Natives joining the French in raiding and attacking British possessions on the borders.

What were the differences in population between the British and French colonies? How did the infrastructure reflect this? [2 and 2]

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French colonies had about 60,000 settlers by the mid-18th Century - British colonies, however, had by that point reached over 1 million (Virginia was the most populous colony) - Therefore, most French settlements were small towns, ports, or outposts - British colonies, however, had large cities, often seaports.

By 1760, what were the five main towns in the British colonies? What was their combined population?

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Boston (15,600) - Philadelphia (23,750) - New York (18,000) - Newport (10,000) - Charleston (10,000) <> These cities had a combined population of 73,000 (don’t ask why it doesn’t add up)

How was the approach to religion different between the British colonies and the Spanish and French colonies? [2]

- French and Spanish colonies were reluctant to take in people of other religions, while the British colonies were much more open and tolerant.
- This led to 400,000 people moving to the British colonies between 1700 and 1763, being migrants or slaves.

(Naturally this had an effect on the religious composition of the British colonies)

Why was religion a lingering problem for British settler-colonists?

France and Spain were both strongly Catholic states, and Spain had gone to America in part to spread Catholicism.

Many British settler-colonists, however, had moved to America to flee religious persecution, and thus they feared that the French and Spanish would join forces to prevent the spread of religious diversity from the British colonies.

Topic 1: The Development of British Hegemony In America Flashcards

All needed to know about the development of British hegemony in America (26 cards)