TOPIC 1.1: LINKING FOOD AND HEALTH

Question 1

WHAT IS NUTRITON?

Answer 1

study of food, nutrients in food, and other consituents of food + their effects on health

Question 2

WHAT IS THE SCOPE OF NUTRITION

Answer 2

food choices — effect on nutrients on health

why do we eat the foods we do + biochemistry

Question 3

WHAT ARE 3 BROAD THINGS FOOD PROVIDES?

Answer 3

nutrients: needed for body functioning
energy: is a unit of measurment refering to energy producing potential, is NOT a nutrient
other substances: food components beneficial to health

Question 4

WHAT ARE MACRONUTRIENTS

Answer 4

carbohydrates: simple sugars (glucose) and complex carbohydrates (starch and fiber)
proteins: total 20 amino acids, 9 essential and 11 nonessential
fats: saturated fat (animal prodcucts), unsaturated fat (healtheir one), cholesterol

Question 5

WHAT ARE THE MICRONUTRIENTS

whats special about water and minerals?

Answer 5

vitamins: 13 essential
minerals: 15 essential
water

both inorganic, can’t be destroyed by regular means

Question 6

HOW CAN YOU CATEGORIZE VITAMINS? WHAT VITAMINS ARE IN EACH CATEGORY?

Answer 6

Fat soluble: vitamins A,D,E,K
water soluble: Vitamins B,C
^ includes plethora of different B vitamins

Question 7

WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF MINERALS?

Answer 7

major minerals (need more quantities): Ca, Na, K
minor minerals (less quantity): iodine, selenium, molybdenum

Question 8

HOW MANY CALORIES DO YOU GET FROM EACH NUTRIENT + ALCOHOL

Answer 8

carbohydrates: 4kcal
proteins: 4kcal
fats: 9kcal
vitamins: 0kcal
minerals 0kcal
alcohol: 7kcal

Question 9

EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FOOD VS. NUTRIENTS

Answer 9

food is a source of nutrients, and food often contains multiple nutrients in varrying amounts (except, sugar and oil)

Question 10

WHAT ARE ESSENTIAL AND NON-ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS

Answer 10

Essential: the body cannot make it on it’s own, need to get from diet
nonessential: the body can produce it, we need adequate intake of essential nutrients to produce non-essential ones.

Question 11

WHY CAN’T WE LIVE ON JUST SUPPLEMENTS?

Answer 11

there are biologically active substances in food that we have not discovered yet! going without food can lead to undiscovered chronic side effects

Question 12

WHAT ARE NON-NUTRIENTS? WHAT IS THE MAIN KIND

Answer 12

non-nutrients: compounds other than the 6 main nutrients that are biologically active in the body

phytochemicals: are plant chemicals that have biological activity in the body, there are 3 types
- lycopene: red
- anthocyanin: blue
- beta carotine: orange