TOPIC 2.1: NUTRIENT RECCOMENDATIONS

Question 1

WHAT ARE SOME FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE AMOUNT OF NUTRIENTS WE NEED?

Answer 1

• age
• gender
• body size
• genetic traits
• growth status (pregnancy, lactation, etc)

Question 2

WHAT IS THE NUTRIENT TARGET RANGE?

Answer 2

It’s the range where the body performs optimally. either side of the range can cause effects
inadequate intake: for prolonged time cause cause physical effects which can be permanent
excessive intake: oversupply of nutrients to cells, toxcicity disease and upsets balance

Question 3

WHAT ARE SOME ADAPTIVE MECHANISMS

Answer 3

conserve nutrients when supply is low
eliminate nutrients when supply is high

excess can be stored (some nutrients and vitamins) in tissues
excess can be eliminated, especially when body has a low capacity to a nutrient
absorption can be modified (iron and Ca)

Question 4

WHAT ARE DRI’S AND WHAT GROUP DO THEY APPLY TO?

DRI= dietary refereance Intake

Answer 4

• reference values that are indicators of good health. can be used to assess and plan diets
• reccomendations only apply to healthy persons and are designed to prevtn chronic disease and difeciency disorders

Question 5

WHAT ARE ELEMENTS OF DRI’S THAT APPLY TO ENERGY’S

Answer 5

AMDR: acceptable micronutrient distribution range
EER: estimated energy requirment

Question 6

WHAT ARE ELEMENTS OF DRI’S THAT APPLY TO MOST NUTRIENTS

Answer 6

• EAR: estimated average requirment
• RDA: reccomended daily allowance (minimum intake to being healthy)
• UL: upper limit (maximum intake to being healthy)
• AI: adequate intake
  CDRR: chronic disease risk reduction rate

Question 7

WHAT IS AMDR

what are the precentages for those 19+?

Answer 7

• acceptable macronutrient distribution range
• measures carbs, proteins, and fats

for those 19 and older
carbs= 45-65%
proteins= 10-35%
fat= 20-35%

energy should be consumed in this range= healthy weight

Question 8

WHAT IS EAR

Answer 8

estimated average requirment
- represents needs of 50% of people in given age or gender group. based on scientific liturature

Question 9

WHATS RDA

Answer 9

reccomended daily allowance
-meets needs of 98% of healthy people, reduces chronic disease and promotes health
- its the minimum amount of nutrients to stay healthy

Question 10

WHATS UL

Answer 10

upper limit
- upper limit of nutrient intake tht is compatible with health and does not have risk. going beyond this point increases risk
- total daily level from food + fortified food + supplements should not exceed UL

Question 11

WHAT IS AI

Answer 11

• adequate intake
• is similar to RDA in it representing minimum nutrient intake to be healthy, however it is based on experimental data and little conclusive evidence
• only used when RDA cannot be determined due to unclear data

Question 12

WHAT IS CDRR

Answer 12

chronic diease risk reduction rate
- reduction is beleived to lower risk for chronic disease for certain nutrients, so far it’s only been done for Na and K
- a nutrient can have both a UL and CDRR (they are not the same)