topic 13

Question 1

fibres

Answer 1

cotton made from ribre that surrounds cotton bush seeds

Question 2

medicines

Answer 2

extraction of chemicals excreted from trees

Question 3

ecosystem services

Answer 3

ATMOSPHERIC REGULATION-
photosynthesis -carbon sequestration
HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE-
+stores heat in the water of the wood-less temp extremes
MICRCLIMATE-
light
wind velocity-lower plants use animals for seed dispersal
huhmidity-amphibians better off
habitat+wildlfie refuge-
greater variety-higher chance of ecological niches
soil conservation-
recreation +amenity use

Question 4

forest exploitation management

Answer 4

coppicing+pollarding
standard trees-growing trees till maturity for the construction of buildings

Question 5

modern conservation forestry

Answer 5

felling of large scale forests instead of selectove logging-reduces biodiversity of the forest
single species pop.
close planting-increaesd competition
simple age structure-grow at same time meed same treatment

Question 6

deforestation reasons

Answer 6

deliberate removal for industry(agriculture
unsustainable explpoitation over msy

Question 7

causes of forest loss

Answer 7

agriculture
mineral extraction
reservoirs
urbanisation
transport infastructur

Question 8

unsustainable exploitation

Answer 8

timber resource -hardwood grow slow-mixed forests felled that arent repanted
fuel-LEDCS-only able to afford that

Question 9

effects of deforestation

Answer 9

rediced biodiversity
increased runoff
less DOM
reduced carbon sequestration

Question 10

sustainable forest manage methods

Answer 10

harvetsing rate-cant be higher than MSY
indiginous species -indiginous species like birds will benefit from it
mixed age structures-greater diversity of abiotic factors
selective logging- more labour intensive-less effect on ecosystem