topic 6

Question 1

hydrothermal deposits metamorphic processes

Answer 1

metamorphic processes-tectonic movement alters existing rock high pressure +temp

Question 2

hydrothermal deposits -sedimentary deposits

Answer 2

minerals settle and build up producnig layers of rock
cemetation creates sedimentary rock

Question 3

reserve

Answer 3

explpoitable now

Question 4

Laskys principle

Answer 4

purity of deposits decrease the amount decreases

Question 5

resource

Answer 5

theoretically available

Question 6

stock

Answer 6

all materials

Question 7

survey techniques

Answer 7

ir spectroscopy
gravimetry
magnetometry
seismic surveys-controlled explosions
trial drilling

Question 8

factors affecting mining availability

Answer 8

overburden+hydrology
ore purity
depth
coog
marjet economics

Question 9

environmental impacts of mineral expolitation

Answer 9

land take
habitat loss
loss of amneity
dust
noise
turbod drainage water
spoil dispersal

Question 10

imporived exploratory techniques

Answer 10

better satellites -multispectrual sensors -more detail

Question 11

improved mining techniques

Answer 11

mechanisation-deep mining-allows to go deeper at warmer temperatures
open cast mining-allows more overburden to be extratced faster-more economic

Question 12

low grade ore exploration

Answer 12

bioleaching-using lliving organismsm to extract metal fro ore
phytomining
leachte collection-rainwater circulated through spoil heap lots of times until it is high enough in concentrsation where its then electrolysised.
polymer adsorption- metal ions

Question 13

polymetallic nodules

Answer 13

found on seabed -large scale exploitation- causes seabed disturbance-sedimentation-kills benthic organisms

Question 14

recycling-2 waste types

Answer 14

pre consumer+post consumer

Question 15

recycling scheme issues

Answer 15

transport
labour costs
separation
public cooperation
waste loss -not everything can recycled