Topic 14 - Particle Model

Question 1

Solids:

Answer 1

• Definite and organised shape
• Particles vibrate in a fixed position

Question 2

Liquids:

Answer 2

• Particles slip past each other
• Definite volume, not shape

Question 3

Gases:

Answer 3

• Far apart, random
• No definite volume or shape

Question 4

How does heating a system change state?

Answer 4

• Thermal energy converts to kinetic energy, so particles vibrate and break bonds

Question 5

Specific Heat Capacity:

Answer 5

• Amount of heat energy needed to raise temp of 1kg of a substance by 1°C

Question 6

Specific Latent Heat:

Answer 6

• Amount of heat energy needed to change the state of 1kg of a substance without change of temperature

Question 7

Ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer through thermal insulation:

Answer 7

• Use insulator
• Cover lid
• Cover with shiny non-metals

Question 8

Pressure of gas in terms of particle motion:

Answer 8

• The higher the pressure of gas, the higher the speed, temp and mass, but lower volume

Question 9

Effect of change in temp on pressure

Answer 9

• Increased temp, higher velocity, more collisions on walls, more pressure

Question 10

Recall effects on gases due to pressure changes:

Answer 10

• Compressed or Expanded

Question 11

Pressure of gases produces:

Answer 11

• A net force at right angles to any surface

Question 12

Effect of changing volume on rate of collisions

Answer 12

• Increased volume, more travel time between walls, decreased collision rate

Question 13

Doing work on a gas increases temperature. How?

Answer 13

• Mechanical energy converts to internal energy