topic 2 ~ cell divison Flashcards
what is mitosis?
cell division that produces 2 daughter cells, each one is diploid and a clone of the parent cell. used for growth and repair
what is meiosis?
cell division that produces 4 daughter cells, each one is diploid. used for reproduction
what is a diploid cell?
a cell with a 2 full sets of genetic information
what is a haploid cell?
a cell with a single set of genetic information
what happens at prophase?
the chromosomes duplicate
what happens at metaphase?
chromosomes line up at the equator
what happens at anaphase?
the chromosomes begin to move apart
what happens at telophase?
the cell begins to separate
what is cytokinesis?
when the cell splits in 2
what is a stem cell?
a cell that can become any kind of cell in the body
what can an embryonic stem cell become?
most types of cell
what are embryotic stem cells used for?
therapeutic cloning - embryotic stem cells are produced with the same DNA as the patient
what can an adult stem cell become?
a limited number of cells eg, bone narrow stem cells can form various kinds of blood cell
what can cells in the meristem differenciate into?
any type of plant cell
what can meristem cells be used for?
cloning rare species and plants with special features
