topic 2:Ionic Bonding Flashcards
(16 cards)
define the term ‘Ionic bonding’
The electrostatic attraction between a positive ion and a negative ion
how do ions form?
Negative Ions form when atoms gain electrons (Anions)
* this is commonly the non-metal as they gain an electron(s) to make a full outer shell
Positive ions form when atoms lose electrons (Cations)
* this is commonly the metal as they lose electron(s) to gain a full outer shell
what ion does silver form?
Ag^+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion does iron(II) form?
Fe^2+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion does lead form?
Pb^2+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion does copper(II) form?
Cu^2+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion does Iron (III) form?
Fe^3+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion does zinc form?
Zn^2+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion does hydrogen form? and how does hydrogen affect a solution
H^+
positively charged ion (Cation)
turns a solution acidic
what ion does Ammonium form?
NH4^+
positively charged ion (Cation)
what ion do nitrate ions form?
NO3^-
Negatively charged ion (Anion)
What ions do hydroxides form? and what are their effects on solutions?
OH^-
Negatively charged ion (Anion)
causes a solution to be alkaline
What ions do carbonates form?
CO3^2-
Negatively charged ion (Anion)
what ions do sulphate ions form?
SO4^2-
Negatively charged ion (Anion)
why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?
they have giant ionic structures
very strong electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions
require high amounts of energy to overcome the electrostatic attractions
can ionic compounds conduct electricity
can’t conduct electricity when solid
but when they are molten/liquid they can conduct electricity because the ions are free to move
