Topic 4

Question 1

What are the external factors for girls achievement?

Answer 1

The impact of feminism,Changes in the family,Changes in woman employment,Girls changing attitudes

Question 2

What happened in 1970

Answer 2

Equal pay act made it illegal to pay women less than men for the same work

Question 3

What are the internal factors for girls achievement

Answer 3

Equal opportunities policies,positive role models in school, GCSE and coursework ,teacher attention,challenging stereotypes,selection and league tables

Question 4

What does Boaler say
(Girls achievement)

Answer 4

The impact of equality opportunities policies are a key reason for the changes in girls achievement.Barriers to education success have been removed and schooling is more meritocratic

Question 5

Which theorist says the gender gap is down to change in assessment(GCSEs and Coursework) not the failing of boys

Answer 5

Gorard

Question 6

What did Swann find out

Answer 6

Boys dominate whole class discussion whereas girls prefer pair and group work

Question 7

Which theorist found boys are less attractive to schools because of behaviour difficulties and they’re 4x more likely to he excluded

Answer 7

Slee

Question 8

What is the difference between Liberal and radical feminists.

Answer 8

Liberal feminists celebrate the progress so far in relation to girls achievement. Radical feminists believe the system is still patriarchal and convey the message that it is a man’s world

Question 9

What is hyper-heterosexual feminine identity

Answer 9

Investing considerable time,effort money into constructing their feminine identity.Bourdieu defines this as symbolic violence

Question 10

What did Archer find
[Girls achievement]

Answer 10

Working class girls preferred to stay local resulting in self exclusion from top universities

Question 11

What are the external factors for boys achievement

Answer 11

Boys and literacy, globalisation and the decline of traditional men’s jobs

Question 12

What are the internal factors for boys achievement

Answer 12

Feminisation of education,shortage of male primary school teachers,Laddish subcultures

Question 13

What does Sewell say
[Boys achievement]

Answer 13

Boys fall behind because the curriculum is feminised,school doesn’t nurture masculine traits such as competitiveness or leadership.

Question 14

What did Yougov find
[Boys achievement]

Answer 14

39 percent of 8-11 year old boys have no lessons with a male teacher

Question 15

What are some criticisms of feminisim

Answer 15

Policies to promote gender equality in education are no longer needed claiming girls “have it all”, girls are succeeding at boys expense

Question 16

What does Byrne say

Answer 16

Teachers encourage boys to be tough,show initiative and not to be weak, whilst girls are encouraged to be quiet,helpful and tidy.As a result they develop different tastes in reading which lead to different subject choices.

Question 17

Define double standards

Answer 17

Applying a set of moral standards to one group,but a different set to another group

Question 18

What did Haywood and Mac an Ghaill find
[Gender identities]

Answer 18

Male teachers told boys off for “behaving like girls” but ignored boys verbal abuse and even blamed girls for attracting it