Topic 4 softwares Flashcards
(24 cards)
system softwares
programs that are needed for the computer to run effectively.
application softwares
programs that enable the users to do things of use
operating systems
provide the user with some sort of interface as well as managing all of the connected hardware, Managing Memory, Managing Hardware, Multi tasking, Allowing interrupts
User interface
allows user to control computer
include GUI, CLI, MDUI and VDUI,
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
allows people to use a pointer to select icons, look at menus, read instructions etc.
very useal and easy to use (windows,ios)
CLI (command line interface)
all text based, the user is literally provided with a place to type and read text.
take much less space in both RAM and your hard disk.
takes less time for experts that know the commands
MDUI (Menu Driven User Interface)
less common,ery useful for computer systems that have very specific purposes. MDUIs provide the user with a menu that gives them a set of tasks that can be performed. increasing simplicity and preventing errors.
example of a system that uses MDUIs is ATM machines
another role of operating sytems
manage memory, everything runs smoothly and errorless
what is an interrupt
whenever an error happens , human intervention will be required, operating system allows interrupt signal to the CPU indicating that something needs instant attention
two examples of interrupts
Hardware Interrupts - Generated by hardware e.g. a printer out of paper will send a ‘printer interrupt’ to the CPU saying that it cannot print until the paper is refilled.
Software interrupts - These are generated by software when an error has occurred.
Managing Peripheral Hardware
it is any hardware device that is not inside the computer’s main body, operating system has to manage devices connected are working.
Print buffer
area of memory set aside to store documents waiting to print and to organise them into the correct print order.
Provide Security
operating systes ensures security by proving user logins, settin up access rights.
logic error
mathematical error
syntax error
language of programs is wrong
other possible error
runtime error
IDE’s job
software suite that consolidates basic tools required to write and test softwares.
integrated development environments
IDE’s benefits
IDEs make it easier to write code because they provide useful tools, like syntax colour coding.
Can also highlight important syntax structures to remind you to include them.
They will often automatically indent code for you.
They can autocomplete lines of code that are typically used.
You can test your code as you write it.
No need to switch programs to translate the code and test it.
high level language
they are the closest to human language and very different to machine code (Binary).include english words such as if , print
machine code (Low level)
set of instructions that are executed by the CPU. each instruction will be a very specific task
typical machine code instruction is split into and use
OPCODE=what it has to do
REGISTER=either the value to be operated on OR the address that holds the value to be operated on
OPERAND=The small piece of memory in which arithmetic can be carried out
8 bits
what is the assembler
the translator which translates Assembly language
what do the compiler and interpreter del with
only with the translation of High Level code into Machine code
what is assembly code
low-level programming language. It equates to machine code but is more readable
