Topic 7 Beliefs: Science and Ideology Flashcards
(15 cards)
How is science different from religion as a belief system
As science is based upon empirical evidence
Why does Dawkins argue against religion as an absolute belief system?
Because religion is concerned with moral ethical truths which are less scientific
List 3 Characteristics of Science
Objective
Verifiable Knowledge
Rationalisation
List 3 Characteristics of Religion
Subjective
Truths are found within scripture
Fixed knowledge and claims monopoly
Define Principle of Falsification
To falsify something in under to improve the hypothesis or knowledge
Which sociologist talks about The Principle of Falsification
Popper
Who talks about 4 norms that all scientists should follow
Merton
What are the 4 Norms (CUDOS) that Merton states all Scientists should follow
Communism
Universalism
Disinterestedness
Organised Scepticism
Define Communism for scientists according to Merton
Scientists must share their knowledge within the scientific community in order for knowledge to grow
Define Universalism for scientists according to Merton
Scientific knowledge is judged by the objective criteria e.g testing instead of the characteristics of said scientist e.g race gender
Define Disinterestedness for scientists according to Merton
Being committed to discovering knowledge for its own sake
Define Organised Scepticism for scientists according to Merton
No knowledge is regarded as sacred every idea is open to questioning
What example can show religion as a closed belief system
Witchcraft within the Azande Tribe
What do the Azande Tribe believe
That any coincidence or misshapen can be explained with Witchcraft
Define Ideology
A worldview or a set of ideas and values- a belief system
