tourism 3.1-3.3 Flashcards
(24 cards)
sustainable tourism development is achieved when
economic social and environmental sustainability of tourism development is achieved
how can tourism dev ensure economic sustainability
Continual provision of employment opportunities
–> stable employment and continuous income to support
skills training to ensure they progress in career and income growth
Provide locals who are SEASONALLY EMPLOYED w wider variety of skills → find alternative employment during OFF PEAK SZN
Ensure stable employment even fro seasonally employed locals → ECON SUS
Provision of services that raise SOL
Tourism revenue invested to build infrastructure tt raise local SOL eg. schools, clinics which allow for locals , eve disadvantaged to receive education / healthcare opportunities
w/ more edu / healthcare → seek better employment → ensure economic SUS
how can tourism dev ensure social sustainbility
- respect
- ensure local culture, art forms, traditions are respected –> continue to be meaningful and significant –> no conflicts –> social sustainability - intercultural understanding and cohesion
- interactions enhance understanding and appreciation toward each other culture.
- local culture meaningful –> continuation and preservation –> social sustainability
how can tourism dev ensure envi sustainability
- maintain essential ecological processes
- eg. photosynthesis and transpiration –> provides ecosystem services –> eg. regulate air and water quality, and provide natural resources –> environmental sustainability - conserve natural heritage and biodiversity
- establish National Parks to conserve area
- protect from poaching / pollution
- recover/ conserve biodiversity –> ENVI SUSS
What are ways government can ensure sus tourism dev
- policy /plan
- minimise damage
- SG sentosa, plan to achieve carbon-neutral status by 2030 - enforce regulations
- ensure policy / plan adhered to
- rules that Maya Bay phiphi island, 200 ppl at a time –> minimise poll and damage to coastal ecosystems.
- enforcements ensure policies ADHREED to
what are limitations of government that HINDER sus tourism dev
- poor enforcement
- lack of resource / power / corruption to properly enforce regulations
- envi sustainability unable to be achieved - prioritise economic dev
- eg. mount everest polluted by tourists and hikers, however Nepali Gov not enforcing stricter regulations as might affect number of tourists and revenue received.
what are ways organisations can ensure sus tourism dev
have skills, knowledge, expertise to
1. offer consultation
- UNWTO provided locals of ha tay province vietnam with handicraft skills to create handicraft souvenirs that can be sold to tourists
- provide financial assistance
- UNWTO provided ha tay province vietnam w financial aid to build facilities eg public toilet + village information board
what are some limitations of organisations that HINDER sus tourism dev
- lack of understanding of local
- may not want tot receive help or open to learning new skills - lack of funding
- non profit org insuff resources / financial aid to implement certain plans
what are some ways biz can ensure sus tourism dev
- have incentive to achieve sus tourism dev (eg. by keeping envi / social sus, tourist return)
- have financial resources to
- be involved in decision-making for sus tourism dev
- working with other stakeholders to achieve sus-tourism dev
eg. Quicksilver cruise
what are some limitations of bix in ensuring sus tourism dev
- prioritise profits
- greenwashing
- markert themselves in envi friendly way to attract people, but may not do so
what are some ways locals can ensure sus tourism dev
- seek advice from stakeholders –> adopt sustainable tourism practices
- eg. SG locals seek advice from NEA for waste management after hosting big events for tourists –> nurture healthy envi practices in locals –> ENVI SUS - involvement of locals
- locals have local knowledge about impacts of tourism –> participate in decisions making, suggests ways to minimise harmful impacts of tourism
- eg. community-based tourism involved participation of locals and their suggestions.
what are the limitations of locals in ensuring sus tourism dev
- lack of financial / knowledge
- no resources to carry out - prioritising econ benefit
- may not want to engage in sus tourism dev practices if it will reduce revenue or profit.
what are some ways tourists can ensure sus tourism dev
- make decisions that ensures envi tourism sus
- eg. choose tours that prioritise sus tourism
- eg. can choose ecotourism tour packages –> snorkelling at GBR –> learn to appreiate coral reefs and protect the environment –> ENVI SUS - interact responsibly
- attitude of understandign and respect toward local culture and traditions
- eg. Bali, visiting sacred sites like temples, dress modestly. –> SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
what are some limitations of tourists in ensuring sus tourism dev
- out of budget
- may be expensive and not willing to pay
- eg. hotels that use envi friendly ways of generating electricity may be more expensive –> deter tourists - lack of clear information
- greenwashing –> not truly sustainable –> tourist think they r engaging in sus tourism practices but actually nOT
what are some challenges preventing stakeholders from working together efficiently to achieve sus tourism dev ?
- difficulty in understanding WHAT is sustainable tourism development
- varying degree of power will have more say over final decision. override other perspectives
- differing priorities, and conflicts. trade-offs
how can ecotourism help achieve sus tourism dev? give examples.
conserve natural envi while ensuring econ, envi, social sus
- inc awareness
- inc knowledge and appreciationg for nature –> want to take actions to minimise damage eg. aware of importance of coral reefs, take proactive steps to preserve coral reeds –> ENVI SUS - revenue generated
- channel into putting in place measures to protect nature areas
- eg. revenue generated channelled to fund coral restoration efforts –>
minimise damage –> ENVI SUS
eg. Quicksilver cruise tours at great barrier reef.
limitations of ecotourism ?
- overwhelming number of tourists ineffective
- too many tourists may destroy envi instead of protect it
- strong desire to earn profit from tourists –> compromise econ sus over envi sus
- eg. oil spills from Quicksilver cruise tours result in water pollution
- eg. Galapagos island, ecotourism –> trampling and erosion –> disturb wildlife and destroy habitats
2.economic leakages
- hire non-locals cos more skilled, jobs go to non-locals, locals dont benefit and unable to achieve econ sus
how can community based tourism help achieve sus tourism dev ?
small-scale tourism - homestays –> rew local involvement and maximises local benefit
- encourage local involvement
- locals have greater knowledge of envi soc econ needs
- decisions can ensure needs met in sus way
- eg. local comms suggest nature-based activities that they KNOW will not disrespect culture or damage local envi
- ensure local stay involved and benefit from tourism industry - locals offer direct tourist experiences
- innovate and set up businesses eg restaurant and honestays to locals
- provides employment and minimise economic leakages, econ benefits –> ECON SUS
- revenue generated can go into inc SOL by building facilities sch, clinic –> SOCIAL SUS
limitations of community based tourism
- loss of culture
- to meet tourists interests and needs –> offer tourism that is not authentic to culture –> culture commodification –> Loss of culture
- eg. Kenya Maasai tribe have highly exaggerated performance to fit tourist need and entertainment → loss of authenticity and commodification of culture. - competition with large tourism biz
- lack skills / resources to further develop local tourism industry
- unable to advertise / lack finance to further improve biz
- eg. Than Ha pottery village vietnam, cop from establihsed pottery villaged in central vietnam
how can pro-poor tourism lead to sustainable tourism dev
focus on improving livelihood of poor
- training to locals
- new skills gain emloyment in tourism sector
- learn how to manage business - increase access to micro-finance
- set up bix, restu, homestays with the money
eg. phi phi island, local villagers set up restaurant and homestays and private tours along the island –> employment opportunity –> increase standard of living.
limitations of pro-poor tourism
- inability to significantly reduce poverty compared to direct investments
- reluctant to part in PPT, lack skills knowledge to sustain biz / lack self confidence to go for training / see no purpose –> LOW PARTICIPATION - uneq distribution of benefits
- non-poor locals greater access to micro-financing as seen as more reliable by banks n investors
- non-poor wealthier, poor do not benefit. income gap widen
sustainable tourism production
- demand do not excees resources
- eg. bali, hotels resorts use a lot of water, water supply depleted in long run, negatively impact tourism industry –> HINDER sus tourism dev
- affect rice farms > dont sttract tourists - stakeholders work tgt to adopt long-term sustainable approaches
- stakeholders work tgt adopt long-term sustainable approaches
- SG, sentosa, stakeholders like gov suthorities and locals come tgt renewable source of energy to achieve carbon neutral status by 2030. and work tgt to adopt more sustainable practices
sustainable tourism consumption
- responsible consumption
- choose to stay in hotels that embrace sustainability / tour operators that prioritise locals when employing.
- manage demand of destination regions by limiting number of tourists to region –> carrying capacity not exceeded, dont damage environment
eg. Maya Bay 2018 closed.
- policies, rules regu
- protect needs and practices of local communities + encironment
- eg. maya bay, limit num of people –> protect envi
- sacred religious sites, dress code –> not disrespect.
equitable distribution of tourism benefits
- implementing effective tourism management
- unequ distrib of benefits –> TENSIONS
- implement measures to ensure benefits of tourism enjoyed by all stakeholders - minimising negative trade-offs
- conflicting priorities and understandings, need for trade-offs
- eg. closure of maya bay, low economic activity but environment can revive.
