Toxicology (Drug of Abuse) Flashcards
(28 cards)
True/ False
STATEMENT I: Almost all drugs of abuse are basic drugs (amine derivatives) which contain benzene rings
STATEMENT II - barbiturates are acidic drugs
Both are True
therapeutically used for treatment of narcolepsy and attentional deficit disorder
-increases mental alertness and physical capacity
Amphetamines
causes false-positive reaction for amphetamines
presence of antihistamine
a popular recreational abused drug that has a psychedelic effects
3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or MDMA or ‘ectasy’
improves athletic performance by increasing muscle mass
anabolic steroids
what are the naturally occurring cannabinoids
Marijuana
hashish
the most potent component or the psychoactive substance of marijuana
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
after a single use, THC-COOH can be detected in urine for ______; up to _____ for chronic user
3-5 days, 4 weeks
what is the principal psychoactive agent of cannabinoids
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
urinary metabolite for cannabinoids
11-nor-deltatetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH)
its is derived from coca plant (Erythroxylon) and use as additive to some foods
-used as local anesthetic for nasopharyngeal surgery
cocaine (crack)
treatment for cocaine addiction
benzodiazepine
for single use of cocaine, it can be detected in urine ____; up to _____ for chronic user
3 days, 20 days
what are the naturally occurring opiates
Opium
morphine
codeine
it is a nonbicyclic drug that binds with morphine in the brain
Methadone
Antagonist for Opiate overdose
Naloxone
it is an antitussive drug
Codeine
it crosses the blood-brain barrier - elevated levels in the CNS
Heroin
it is a depressant, stimulant, and has a hallucinogenic an anaesthetic properties
-Mode of Treatment : Isolation
Phencyclidine (angel dust or angel hair)
they have therapeutic roles and they are CNS depressants
they are used also to potentiate the effects of heroin
Sedative Hypnotics
Common adverse reaction : Panic reaction “bad trip”
one of the most potent pharmacologic materials known
Lysergic Acid diethylamide
it is a 2,3-disubstituted quinazoline with anaesthetic, antihistamine and antitussive properties
pyramidal signs (Hypertonicity, hyperreflexia and myoclonus)
Methaqualone (Quaalude)
they produces the same “pleasant feeling” observed in amphetamines
Piperazines
these are derivatives of serotonin ; compounds present in plants
tryptamines
